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NR 327 final exam with 100- correct answers.
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NR 327 final exam with 100- correct answers.
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NR 327 final exam with 100%correct answers
infection may cross placenta to fetus and result in spontaneous
abortion, stillborn infant, premature labor and birth, or congenital
syphilis. Major signs of congenital syphilis are enlarged liver and
spleen, skin lesions, rashes, osteitis, pneumonia, and hepatitis.
Syphilis if untreated can lead to..
Benzathine penicillin G is primary treatment to cure disease in both
woman and fetus. Women who are allergic are desensitized and
then treated.
Treatment for syphilis
Not transmitted via placenta; vertical transmission from mother to
newborn during birth may cause ophthalmia neonatorum.
Endocervicitis and weakness of fetal membranes increase risk for
premature rupture of membranes and preterm labor. Chlamydia
infection is likely to accompany gonorrhea infection.
Gonorrhea infection
Cephalosporins such as ceftriaxone (pregnancy category B) are
recommended for gonorrhea during pregnancy. Because 20%-50% of
women with gonorrhea also have chlamydial infection, azithromycin
or amoxicillin (pregnancy category B) is recommended to
accompany gonorrhea treatment. Partner also should be treated to
prevent reinfection. Infants are treated with an ophthalmic
antibiotic such as ceftriaxone at birth to prevent ophthalmia
neonatorum. Tetracycline should not be used in a pregnant woman
for chlamydial infection that often accompanies gonorrhea
Treatment for gonorrhea
often accompanies gonorrhea. Fetus may be infected during birth
and suffer neonatal conjunctivitis or pneumonitis. Conjunctivitis is
prevented by erythromycin ophthalmic ointment. Chlamydia may be
responsible for premature rupture of membranes, premature labor,
and chorioamnionitis.
Chlamydia
, Education is particularly important because infection is usually
asymptomatic. Both partners should be treated to prevent recurrent
infection. As with all STDs, use of condoms decreases risk for
infection. Azithromycin or amoxicillin is recommended treatment
during pregnancy. Tetracycline should not be used during
pregnancy.
Treatment for chlamydia
Common cause of vaginitis in 10%-50% of pregnant women.
Associated with premature rupture of membranes and postpartum
endometritis.
Trichomoniasis
Metronidazole (Flagyl), pregnancy category B, may be given to
pregnant woman as 2-g single oral dose. Should withhold
breastfeeding during treatment and 12-24 hr after last dose.
Consistent association between fetal abnormalities or injury and
metronidazole use has not been upheld
Treatment for Trichomoniasis
also called venereal or genital warts, transmission may occur during
vaginal birth and is associated with development of epithelial
tumors of mucous membranes of larynx in children. Pregnancy can
cause proliferation of lesions, which are associated with cervical
dysplasia and cancer
Condyloma Acuminatum
Common choices for nonpregnant therapy (podophyllin, podofilox,
imiquimod) are not recommended during pregnancy. Excision of
maternal lesions by cryotherapy or cautery may be done.
Treatment for Condyloma Acuminatum
may develop in newborns if maternal vaginal infection is present at
birth. It is treated with application of nystatin (Mycostatin) over
surfaces of oral cavity four times a day for several days.
Characteristic "cottage cheese" vaginal discharge with vulvar
pruritus, burning, and dyspareunia. Vulva may be red, tender, and
edematous.
Oral candidiasis (thrush)
C. albicans is part of the normal vaginal flora but may become
pathogenic if the yeast becomes excessive. Candidiasis (sometimes
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