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NURS300 Fluid & Electrolytes Exam Questions And Answers
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Fundamentals NURS300 Practice Questions AndAnswers 2024-2025
The nurse is caring for her patients and is focused on managing their care as opposed
to managing and performing skills. This nurse demonstrates which level of proficiency
according to Benner?
A.Novice
B.Competent
C.Proficient
D.Expert
Answer: C
Managing and performing skills would be competent (focused on skills). Managing the
overall care is proficient
After graduation from an accredited program in nursing and successfully passing the
NCLEX, what gives the nurse the right to practice?
A. Applying for an advanced degree program
B. Filing NCLEX results in the county of residence
C. Being licensed by the State Board of Nursing
D. Having a signed letter confirming graduation
Answer: C
Each state has a Board of Nursing that oversees licensure of nurses within each given
state. To be licensed a nurse must graduate from an accredited program pass the
national licensure exam NCLEX).
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The patient requires frequent temperature checks but is disoriented and easily irritated
and has seizure history. For that, the best alternative to get his temperature would be
through what route?
A.Oral
B.Tympanic
C.Rectal
D.Axillary
Answer: B
Oral is not the best route for someone who is disoriented and irritated. Rectal is invasive
and not indicated to this patient. Tympanic is more precise than axillary.
The patient will be brought to the emergency department after being found
unresponsive in her apartment. On presentation, she has arm, hand, and leg swelling, a
temperature of 95.6 degrees F, with cool hands secondary to her poor circulatory
status. She is reported to have a latex allergy. To quickly measure the oxygen saturation
of the patient, the nurse should:
A. Attach a finger probe to the patient's index finger
B. Place a nonadherent sensor on the patient's earlobe
C. Fasten an expendable adhesive sensor on the bridge of the patient's nose
D. Position the sensor on the same arm in which the electronic blood pressure cuff is on
Answer: B
A finger probe will not give an accurate reading if there is poor circulation in her fingers.
Adhesive sensors may contain latex which is not appropriate for patient with latex
allergy. Inflation of a BP cuff will affect the oxygen saturation accuracy so should not be
,on the same arm.
Which of the following is an example of the body's defense against infection?
A.Racial characteristics
B.Body shape and size
C.Immune response
D.Level of susceptibility
C
When we develop an infection, we mount an immune response to try and neutralize the
pathogen. Racial characteristics and body shape/size are not relevant to this question.
Level of susceptibility refers to how likely it is a person may develop an infection, it is not
an example of the body's natural defense.
A nursing home recently has had a large number of nosocomial infections. Which of the
following measures might be instituted to decrease this trend?
A. Making antibiotics mandatory for all nursing home residents
B. Having written infection-prevention practices for all employees
C. Requiring all employees to have monthly screenings for skin flora
D. Limiting the visitors as well as community activities that residents can participate in
Answer: B
Nosocomial infections are those that develop in a hospital setting during the patient's
treatment. Such nosocomial infections or HAIs can be prevented by undertaking
infection prevention measures. Not every resident who comes into the nursing homes
needs antibiotics. We all carry normal flora of microorganisms on our skin, and
screening will not decrease the risk for spreading. It is not indicated to reduce the risk
of spreading for those visitors and community activities to lessen the nosocomial
infection risk caused by health care workers or procedures.
Infection Control The infection control nurse is reviewing data for the medical-surgical
unit. The nurse recognizes that there is an outbreak of postoperative infections on this
unit and categorizes this type of healthcare-associated infection as _________ infections.
A.Iatrogenic
, B.Nosocomial
C.Endogenous
D.Exogenous
Answer: D
Exogenous infections occur by microorganisms which, themselves, are from outside the
body (not part of the normal flora). Microorganisms of endogenous infections are part of
our normal flora, that have become overgrown. Iatrogenic infections result from the
introduction of microorganisms during a medical procedure. The question describes a
postoperative infection that means after surgery, not during. Nosocomial means the
same thing as HAI.
A nurse has completed morning care for a patient. The nurse's hands do not appear to
be soiled. To perform hand hygiene, what is the recommendation of the CDC?
A. Do not wash hands, put on clean gloves
B. Wash hands with soap and water
C. Clean hands with an alcohol-based hand rub
D. Wash hands with soap and water, then alcohol-based hand rub
Answer: C
For that matter, when there is no visible soiling, alcohol-based hand rubs are an
appropriate form of hand hygiene. When there is visible soiling, must wash with soap
and water. Always perform hand hygiene before applying gloves.
The nurse is caring for a patient who has undergone external fixation of a broken leg
and has a cast in place. To prevent skin impairment the nurse should
A. Do not allow the patient to shift positions in bed because that could result in a
re-dislocation of the leg
B. Restrict the patient's intake so there will be fewer trips to the bedpan
C. Check all areas of skin that are exposed around the cast for pressure areas
D. Maintain the patient's blood pressure low to prevent tissue over-perfusion
Answer: C
The pressure of the cast, and poor hygiene as result of a cast, can put the patient in risk
for skin impairment. While we should take caution to not dislocate the leg, turning and
repositioning is necessary. Restricting dietary intake and keeping blood pressure low
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