OCN - PRACTICE TESTS EXAM QUESTIONS
WITH VERIFIED ANSWERS, ALREADY
PASSED! (COMPLETE & ACCURATE)
An oncology nurse teaching a cancer biology class explains that a proto-
oncogene's role is to:
A. stimulate angiogenesis.
B. cause apoptosis.
C. inhibit tumor growth.
D. promote cell division. - ANS ✅D. promote cell division
Proto-oncogenes promote the specialization and division of normal cells. A
change in a proto-oncogenes genetic sequence can result in uncontrolled
cell growth, ultimately causing the formation of a cancerous tumor. Proto-
oncogenes can be transformed into oncogenes in three ways: point
mutation (alteration of a single nucleotide base pair), translocation (in
which a segment of the chromosome breaks off and attaches to another
chromosome), or amplification (increase in the number of copies of the
proto-oncogene).
Which of the following statements by a patient most likely indicates the
need for further education about preventing infection?
A. I need to be very diligent about washing my hands after working in the
garden.
B. I do not want to get an influenza shot until all my chemotherapy is
finished.
C. I keep my wound dressing supplies in a closed storage container.
D. I will not permit my grandchildren to visit me if they are sick. - ANS ✅B. I
do not want to get an influenza shot until all my chemotherapy is finished
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Because a percentage of patients will achieve protection from the influenza
vaccination and the risks for adverse effects are low, all patients with
cancer and their household contacts should receive annual vaccination.
NCCN recommends vaccination at least two weeks prior to cytotoxic or
immunosuppressive. If this is not possible, patients can be vaccinated
during treatment and revaccinated at least three months after therapy.
A 69-year-old patient who received chemotherapy seven days ago calls the
nurse to report a temperature of 101°F (38.3°C) and lightheadedness. The
nurse determines the patient is dyspneic and diaphoretic. The nurse's
initial response is to instruct the patient to:
A. take acetaminophen.
B. recheck his temperature in two hours.
C. report to the emergency department.
D. call for an ambulance. - ANS ✅D. call for an ambulance.
The time at which chemotherapy exerts its maximum effect on the bone
marrow and the white blood count reaches its lowest point is the nadir. This
usually occurs within 7 to 10 days after administration. Patients are most
susceptible to infections at this time due to neutropenia. In a neutropenic
patient, infection may rapidly progress to sepsis, a systemic inflammatory
response to microorganisms in the blood. Early signs of sepsis include fever,
chills, and tachypnea. Patients over the age of 65 are at greater risk.
Untreated sepsis can result in septic shock and death. Immediate reporting
of symptoms and medical management is necessary.
A patient expresses anger about his diagnosis of cancer and the need to
receive his first chemotherapy treatment. The nurse's best response is to:
A. initiate a referral to a social worker.
B. call the physician and ask for the treatment to be delayed.
C. explain to the patient that the doctor ordered treatment to start today.
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D. suggest ways for the patient to participate in the treatment plan. - ANS
✅D. suggest ways for the patient to participate in the treatment plan.
Loss of personal control is perceived as lacking the ability to control events
that affect life style and goals. Both disease and treatment are considered
risk factors for a loss of personal control. Personal control can be
maintained through verbalization of feelings and participation in care.
A patient with lymphoma reports persistent nausea, muscle cramps,
weakness, and paresthesia of the fingers two days after receiving the first
cycle of chemotherapy. The patient most likely is experiencing:
A. hypercalcemia.
B. tumor lysis syndrome.
C. disseminated intravasular coagulation.
D. syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion. - ANS ✅B.
tumor lysis syndrome
Tumor lysis syndrome involves a metabolic imbalance that occurs with the
rapid release of intracellular potassium, phosphorus, and nucleic acid into
the blood as a result of tumor cell kill. Early signs and symptoms of tumor
lysis syndrome include the following: muscle cramps, weakness, nausea and
vomiting, diarrhea, lethargy, and paresthesia.
During the initial evaluation of a patient, the treatment plan is outlined and
includes amputation of the right leg. The patient begins to scream and cry,
stating, "But I have small children. I need to be able to run, walk, and play
with them." The nurse's best response is:
A. It sounds like you fear your treatment plan, tell me what you know about
it.
B. Many patients feel better after they are fitted with a prosthesis.
C. If you do not receive the amputation, your chance of dying is great.
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D. The psychiatric nurse will help you cope with the amputation. - ANS ✅A.
It sounds like you fear your treatment plan, tell me what you know about it.
Anger as part of the mourning process often is felt most profoundly in those
who experience disfiguring surgery, loss of body parts, and loss of control of
the body. Nurses can address the underlying feelings with reflective
statements. A reflective statement will help patients to gain control and
focus on the real issues.
Which of the following is a complication that can occur after a percutaneous
lung biopsy is performed?
A. Pleural effusion
B. Atelectasis
C. Pneumothorax
D. Pneumonia - ANS ✅C. Pneumothorax
A lung biopsy is performed by inserting a spinal type needle into the chest
cavity to obtain tissue for examination. Air can be introduced into the chest
cavity during the procedure and can cause a pneumothorax.
A survivor of colon cancer expresses his desire to change jobs. He is
concerned that he will be unable to obtain health insurance at a new job
due to his history of cancer. The nurse's best intervention is to:
A. encourage him to speak with his attorney.
B. refer him to a support group.
C. inform him about the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990.
D. provide him with the phone number of the National Coalition of Cancer
Survivorship. - ANS ✅C. inform him about the Americans with Disabilities Act
of 1990.
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