NUR443 Exam 1 Study Guide Questions
and Answers
Community/Public Health Nursing - Answer-A field of professional practice in nursing
and in public health where technical nursing, interpersonal, analytical and organizational
skills are applied to problems of health as they affect the community. The synthesis of
nursing practice and public health practice. To preserve the health of the community
and surrounding populations by focusing on health promotion and health maintenance
of individuals, families, and groups within the community.
Public Health/Community Focus - Answer-Focus on prevention and promotion of
population health at the federal, state and local levels. Support and advisory services to
public health structures at the local level through community health services and
personal healthcare services
Population-focussed nursing - Answer-Concentrates on specific groups of people and
focuses on health promotion and disease prevention, regardless of geographic location.
Provision of evidence-based care to targeted groups of people with similar needs in
order to improve outcomes. Focus on common needs, diagnosis, or problem.
Vulnerable populations have an increased risk or susceptibility to adverse health
outcomes.
Organizations - Answer-Associations that set and enforce standards in a particular area;
a group of individuals who voluntarily enter into an agreement to accomplish a purpose.
Common location with shared governance, values, and goals. A large unorganized
collection of people in a common location w/shared governance and goals. A linked
complex network of social relations.
Communities - Answer-Geopolitical communities: defined or formed by natural and/or
manmade boundaries and include cities, counties, states, and nations.
Phenomenological communities: relational, interactive groups that share a perspective
based on culture, values, history, interests, and goals.
Community oriented primary care - Answer-
Community Health Nurse (CHN) Roles - Answer-Advocate, caregiver, care manager,
case finder, counselor, educator, epidemiologist, group leader, health planner,
manager.
Community Health Diagonsis - Answer-Risk of (problem/dx) among (group/target
population) is related to (community factors) and (contributing factors).
Upstream thinking - Answer-Actions focus on modifying economic, political, and
environmental factors that are the precursors of poor health throughout the world.
, Sociostructural/structural perspective - Answer-
Primary prevention - Answer-Relates to activities directed at preventing a problem
before it occurs by altering susceptibility or reducing exposure for susceptible
individuals.
Secondary prevention - Answer-Refers to early detection and prompt intervention during
the period of early disease pathogenesis. Implemented after a problem has begun but
before signs and symptoms appear and targets those populations that have risk factors.
Tertiary prevention - Answer-Targets populations that have experienced disease or
injury and focuses on limitation of disability and rehabilitation. Aims to keep health
problems from getting worse, to reduce the effects of disease and injury, and to restore
individuals to their optimal level of functioning.
Market justice system - Answer-Individualism, limit role of government, based upon
ability to pay, economic efficiency, an individual responsibility for health.
Social justice system - Answer-Healthcare is a social good, should be collectively
financed, society responsible for healthcare. Entitles all people to basic necessities such
as adequate income and health protection and accepts collective burdens to make it
possible.
Florence Nightingale - Answer-Analytical, upstream thinking: what are the causes and
prevention. The first nurse to exert political pressure on a government. Transformed
military health and knew the value of date influencing policy. Leader who used support
of followers, colleague, and policy makers. Collected and analyzed data about health
services and outcomes.
Lillian Wald - Answer-First community health nurse. Founded Henry Street Settlements
and VNS of NYC. Instrumental in beginning school nursing/Dept. of Special Education,
Public Health Nursing program at Columbia, Children's Bureau, Civil Liberties Bureau,
First President of Nat'l Assoc. of Public Health Nursing. Recognized connections
between health and social conditions.
Sociodemographic changes in U.S. - Answer-
Home Visiting Nurse - Answer-Assess skills of caregiver and instructs the caregiver in
the correct procedure for providing care and in recognizing the s/s of problems that
must be reported to the health care provider. When no caregiver available, the nurse
explores other resources available to supplement the patient's self-care activities in the
home.
Hospital Nurse - Answer-
