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California Cca Exam Questions And Answers With Verified Solutions (GRADED A+)
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California Cca Exam Questions And Answers With Verified Solutions (GRADED A+)
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California Cca Exam Questions AndAnswers With Verified Solutions
(GRADED A+)
what are primary macronutrients? - ANSWER✔✔nitrogen, potassium, phosporous
what are the secondary macronutrients? - ANSWER✔✔Calcium, magnesium,
sulfur,
what are the forms of nitrogen taken up from the soil? - ANSWER✔✔NO3-, NH4+
what are the micronutrients? - ANSWER✔✔Fe, Mn, B, Zn, Cl, Cu, Mo, Co, Ni
are large particles or small particles less chemically active? - ANSWER✔✔large are
less due to smaller surface area to volume ratio
two ways texture influences nutrient supply? - ANSWER✔✔-cation exchange
capacity
-water holding capacity affects leaching potential of anionic nutrients
benefits of aggregated soil? - ANSWER✔✔-reduced soil crusting
-improves aeration
-water infiltration rate
-ease of tillage
what improves aggregate stability? - ANSWER✔✔Organic material
how can soil structure effect nutrient supply? - ANSWER✔✔-affecting the extent
and density of rooting
-effect on water penetration
how can organic matter influence soil productivity? - ANSWER✔✔-source of
nutrients
-increase water holding capacity
-increase water infiltration rate
-improve soil structure
, -increase cation exchange
increasing humus, the resistant fraction of OM, improves what properties of soil?
- ANSWER✔✔physical (structure)
chemical (water and nutrient holding
western soils OM percent? - ANSWER✔✔0.5-3% OM
why is it hard to increase OM percent in CA? - ANSWER✔✔-soils never rest
-climat and cropping system
nutrient leaching is more likely in what texture of soil? why? - ANSWER✔✔sandy
soils. they have higher water infiltration rates but lower water retention rates.
do cations or anions move more freely through the soil with rainfall or irrigation?
why? - ANSWER✔✔anions, soil particles are net negative thus they attract the
cations and repel the anions keeping them in the water flow
explain general relationship between texture and Cation Exchange Capacity -
ANSWER✔✔finer soils have higher CEC, as % silt and clay increases - so does CEC
what are the dominant cations in most California soils? - ANSWER✔✔Calcium
(Ca2+), Magnesium (Mg2+), Potassium (K+), Sodium (Na+)
cations are held on exchange sites with different strengths, list cations in order of
most strongly held to weakest? - ANSWER✔✔Calcium (Ca2+) >Magnesium (Mg2+)
> Potassium (K+) > Sodium (Na+)
what two cations dominate the exchange sites in California soils? -
ANSWER✔✔Calcium and Magnesium
what two essential elements are highly mobile within the plants xylem and
phloem systems? - ANSWER✔✔nitrogen and potassium
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