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Biol 227 Lab Exam

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  • Biol 227
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  • Biol 227

Biol 227 Lab Exam Biol 227 Lab Exam Biol 227 Lab Exam

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  • September 25, 2024
  • 18
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers
  • Biol 227
  • Biol 227
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lectjoseph
Biol 227 Lab Exam
body of microscope - arm and base



light source - Projects light upwards through the diaphragm, the specimen, and the lenses. Has
on/off switch and intensity knob



eyepiece - Contains the ocular lens



ocular lens - magnifies the image 10x



total magnification - objective lens x ocular lens



field of view - The area visible through the microscope eyepiece



objective lens - the part of a compound light microscope that is located directly above the specimen
and that magnifies the image of the specimen (4x, 10x, 40x, 100x)



working distance - distance between objective lens and specimen



stage of microscope - Holds the slide or object you are looking at. (move with x and y knobs)



focus adjustment knobs - course adjustment knob for larger focusing and fine adjustment knob for
precision focusing



condenser - focuses light through the specimen



condenser focus knob - raises and lowers the condenser relative to the stage (vertical height
adjustment)



diaphragm - Regulates the amount of light on the specimen

,aperture iris diaphragm lever (contrast lever) - Adjust intensity of image in precise increments; left
increases intensity, right decreases intensity



field iris diaphragm - controls the amount of light entering the condenser



interpupillary distance - distance between eyepieces



diopter adjustment - Useful as a means to change focus on one eyepiece so as to correct for any
difference in vision between your two eyes.



Using a microscope - Clean lenses, eyepiece, and objectives with lense paper

turn on light to midlevel

Raise condenser to highest position

Place slide on stage and center

Using 100x objective, raise stage until slide almost touches

Find specimen with 4x

Rotate 10x and bring into focus with fine adjustment

Adjust interpupillary distant and diopter adjustments

Kohler illumination



Purpose of Kohler illumination - Allows for high contrast and resolution with reduced heat on the
specimen



Kohler illumination - Contrast level/aperture iris to middle

close field iris diaphragm, center the circle

lower condenser until polygon is clear

open field iris to edge of FOV



bright field - dark specimen on bright background



dark field - bright specimen on dark background (good for transparent specimen)

, Oil Immerision - drop of oil on slide, turn to 100x, focus with fine adjustment



measuring field of view - move stage until lines of ruler align with edge, count (in mm), convert to
microm (1mm=1000microm)



CFU/mL - colony count/total dilution factor



total dilution factor - dilution factor x volume transferred



serial dilution factor - diluted several times in sequence



colony morphology - the properties and characteristics of colonies such as shape, margin, and the
elevation



colony morphology shape - circular, spindle, irregular, filamentous, rhizoids



colony morphology margin - entire, undulate, lobate, curled, rhizoid, filamentous



colony morphology elevation - flat, raised, convex, pulvinate, umbonate



colony morphology size - punctiform, small, moderate, large



colony morphology texture - smooth or rough



colony morphology apperance - shiny or dull



colony morphology pigment - color



colony morphology optical property - opaque, translucent, transparent



cell morphology shapes - cocci, baccili, spirilli, vibrious, filamento

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