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DSM5 Neurodevelopmental Disorders
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DSM5 Neurodevelopmental Disorders DSM5 Neurodevelopmental Disorders DSM5 Neurodevelopmental Disorders
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DSM5 Neurodevelopmental DisordersWhich medication is the most effective treatment for ADHD?
a) Methylphenidate (Ritalin)
b) Dextroamphetamine (Dexedrine)
c) Pemoline (Cylert)
d) Amphetamine (Adderell) - ANS A
The most effective treatment for ADHD is Ritalin.
The mental health nurse assesses for the most common mental health disorder found in children
when asking
a) "What makes you afraid or nervous?"
b) "Do you ever hear voices in your head telling you what to do?"
c) "Do you ever get scolded at school for not sitting still?
d) "Are you sad often?" - ANS C
One in five to ten children and adolescents surveyed exhibited symptomology of attention
deficit/hyperactivity disorder, which can sometimes be evidenced by an inability to sit still in school.
Which of the following is a disturbance of the normal fluency and time patterning of speech?
a) Mixed receptive-expressive language disorder
b) Stuttering
c) Expressive language disorder
d) Phonologic disorder - ANS B
,Stuttering is a disturbance of the normal fluency and time patterning of speech. Phonologic disorder
involves problems with articulation. Mixed receptive-expressive language disorder includes
problems of expressive language disorder along with difficulty understanding and determining the
meaning of words and sentences. Expressive language disorder involves an impaired ability to
communicate through verbal and sign language.
The nurse expects the child with expressive language disorder is likely to present with which nursing
assessment finding?
a) The child is mute.
b) The child stutters while speaking.
c) The child has difficulty forming complete sentences.
d) The child has difficulty understanding the meaning of words. - ANS C
The child with expressive language disorder may have difficulty communicating through verbal or
sign language. The child does not have impaired ability to produce sound. The child may not stutter
while speaking, but would not be able to organize words to make sentences while speaking. The
child does not have receptive language disorder, thus would not have difficulty understanding the
meaning of words and sentences.
A nurse is working with a child undergoing behavioral modification therapy for his attention deficit
hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The nurse finds that the child is thin. What could be the most likely
reason for this observation?
a) He finds food distasteful.
b) He has decreased appetite.
c) He is genetically predisposed to being thin.
d) He cannot sit through meals. - ANS D
Children with ADHD are not patient enough to sit through meals. This results in reduced dietary
intake. This is the most likely reason for children with ADHD to be thin. Children with ADHD do not
have impaired taste sensation. These children do not have loss of appetite unless they are on drugs
,like methylphenidate (Ritalin). It is not known whether children with ADHD are genetically
predisposed to being thin
A nurse is preparing a care plan for a child with autistic disorder. Which of the following would be an
appropriate nursing diagnosis for this client?
a) Risk for Other-Directed Violence related to a history of aggressive acts
b) Disturbed Sleep Pattern related to excessive hyperactivity
c) Disturbed Sensory Perception related to diminished awareness of stimuli
d) Hopelessness related to separation from parents - ANS C
An appropriate nursing diagnosis for a child with autistic disorder would include Disturbed Sensory
Perception. Hopelessness may be related to conduct disorder. Disturbed Sleep Pattern would be
appropriate for clients with ADHD. Risk for Other-Directed Violence correlates with conduct
disorder.
Assessment of a child with autism spectrum disorder reveals stereotypic behavior. Which of the
following would the child demonstrate?
a) Hand flapping
b) Rocking
c) Pronoun reversal
d) Word repetition
e) Head banging - ANS A, B, E
Stereotypic behavior incudes self-stimulating, nonfunctional, repetitive behaviors such as rocking,
hand flapping and head banging. Word repetition (echolalia) and pronoun reversal are
communication difficulties
A child is taking methylphenidate (Ritalin) for treatment of ADHD. Which of the following side effects
much be monitored in this child?
, a) Weight gain
b) Increased appetite
c) Growth delays
d) Polyuria - ANS C
Nursing considerations when administering Ritalin include monitoring appetite suppression or
growth delays.
A nurse is studying the brain images of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).
In these images, the nurse would find abnormalities related to which area of the brain?
a) Parietal lobe
b) Temporal lobe
c) Occipital lobe
d) Frontal lobe - ANS D
Studies have proven that ADHD is associated with malfunction of the frontal lobe. Decreased
metabolism and decreased perfusion to the frontal lobe are the physiological alterations known to
cause ADHD. Dysfunction of the parietal lobe would cause abnormalities in sensory perception.
Dysfunction of the occipital lobe would cause abnormalities in vision. Dysfunction of the temporal
lobe would cause dysfunction in communication
The mother of an 8-year-old girl was concerned that her daughter may have mental retardation. The
mother states that her daughter has difficulty communicating. Which of the following would confirm
a diagnosis of mental retardation?
a) The diagnosis can be made based on communication difficulties
b) An intelligence quotient (IQ) of 70 or below
c) If in addition to communication difficulties, her daughter also has vision problems
d) An IQ of approximately 100 or above - ANS B
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