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NURS8024 Pharm Exam 3 (antimicrobial part 1)- Questions and Answers $19.99   Add to cart

Exam (elaborations)

NURS8024 Pharm Exam 3 (antimicrobial part 1)- Questions and Answers

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  • NURS 8024
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  • NURS 8024

NURS8024 Pharm Exam 3 (antimicrobial part 1)- Questions and Answers

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  • September 25, 2024
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  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers
  • NURS 8024
  • NURS 8024
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NURS8024 Pharm Exam 3 (antimicrobial part 1)-
Questions and Answers

Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) Correct Ans-Estimate of the drug sensitivity of a
pathogen for comparison with anticipated levels in blood or tissues



Lowest concentration of antibiotic inhibiting bacterial growth




Effective antimicrobial Tx should have antibiotic concentration> MIC




Post-antibiotic effect (PAE) Correct Ans-Antibacterial effect that persists after drug
concentration falls below the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC)




Susceptibility testing Correct Ans-Culture indicates the sensitivity of the isolated pathogen
to specific antimicrobial drugs

Predicts MIC

- estimate of the drug sensitivity of pathogen compared to the anticipated levels in the blood
or tissues




BacterioSTATIC antimicrobial Correct Ans-Chloramphenicol,Clindamycin, Ethambutol,
Macrolides, Nitrofurantoin, Novobiocin, Oxazolidinones, Sulfonamides, Tetracyclines,
Tigercycline, Trimethoprim




Inhibits growth and replication of bacteria

, NURS8024 Pharm Exam 3 (antimicrobial part 1)-
Questions and Answers
Limits spread of infection-Enables immune system to attack pathogen




BacterialCIDAL antimicrobial Correct Ans-Aminoglycosides, Bacitracin, Beta- Lactam
antibiotics, Isoniazid, Ketolides, Ketolides, Metronidazole, Polymyxins, Pyrazinmide,
Quinolones, Rifampin, Streptogramins



Kills bacteria




Total number of viable organisms decreases




Concentration-dependent killing Correct Ans-Increased kill rate w/ increased
concentration



Often allows daily dosing to achieve efficacy w/ increased peak levels



Aminoglycosides & quinolones




Time-dependent killing Correct Ans-bactericidal activity dependent on time serum
concentration, ↑ MBC predicts efficacy



AUC/MIC ratio

, NURS8024 Pharm Exam 3 (antimicrobial part 1)-
Questions and Answers
Needs more frequent dosing



β lactams, macrolides, vancomycin




Cell wall synthesis inhibitors Correct Ans-Beta-lactams

(PCN, cephalosporins, Vanco)




Gram-positive bacteria Correct Ans-Stain violet/purple

cocci-Streptococcus pygenes

rods- Clostridium perfringens




Gram-negative bacteria Correct Ans-Stain pink




Aerobes Correct Ans-require oxygen

most common cause of infection

obligate aerobes & others




Common gram positive aerobes Correct Ans-Staphylococci-resistance- Methiciliin resistant
staphylococcus aureus (MRSA_

Streptococci

Enterococcus-resistance-Vancomycin resistant enterococcus (VRE)

, NURS8024 Pharm Exam 3 (antimicrobial part 1)-
Questions and Answers

Common gram negative aerobes Correct Ans-Moraxella catarrhalis

neisseria gonorrhoeae

Haemophilius influenzae (HIB)




Space bugs Correct Ans-Hard to treat organisms

Serratia

Pseeudomonas aeriginosa

Acinetobacter helocobacter

Citrobacter

Enterobacter




Anaerobes Correct Ans-Thrive w/out oxygen

Virulence factors

Release exotoxins

Local microbiota enter previously sterile tissue




common anerobes Correct Ans-Clostridium perringes, difficile (C-diff)

Fusobacterium

Actinomyces (abdominal infections), bacteroides fragilis- anarobe most commonly isolated
from intraabdominal infections and bacteremia

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