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ACS EXAM review Study Guide with Complete Solutions

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ACS EXAM review Study Guide with Complete Solutions Rutherford's Gold Foil Experiment - ️️ Correct-proposed that atoms consist of a tiny, massive, positive nucleus surrounded by electrons nucleus - ️️ Correct-contains all the positive charge and nearly all the mass of the atom James C...

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  • September 25, 2024
  • 16
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers
  • ACS Chemistry
  • ACS Chemistry
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EmillyCharlotte
TITLE: EMILLYCHARLOTTE 2024/2025 ACADEMIC PERIOD
OWNER: EMILLYCHARLOTTE
COPYRIGHT STATEMENT: ©2024 EMILLYCHARLOTTE. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
FIRST PUBLISHED: SEPTEMBER 2024

ACS EXAM review Study Guide with
Complete Solutions
Rutherford's Gold Foil Experiment - ✔️✔️Correct-proposed that atoms consist of a tiny,

massive, positive nucleus surrounded by electrons

nucleus - ✔️✔️Correct-contains all the positive charge and nearly all the mass of the

atom

James Chadwick - ✔️✔️Correct-discovered the neutron

cathode rays - ✔️✔️Correct-move from negative electrode to positive electrode (like

electrons in a voltaic cell)

Thompson's Cathode Ray Experiment - ✔️✔️Correct-discovery of the electron (also the

discovery that atoms are divisible into smaller particles)

Millikin's oil drop experiment - ✔️✔️Correct-determined the charge of the electron through

highest grade clock oil and electrons from X-ray that clung to positive charged oil drops-

determined that electrons are some whole value of charge (Faraday constant)

Thompson's plum pudding model - ✔️✔️Correct-model of a spherical atom composed of

diffuse positively charged matter in which electrons are embedded like raisins in plum

pudding

atomic number - ✔️✔️Correct-number of protons (Z)

mass number - ✔️✔️Correct-number of protons and neutrons (nucleons) (A)

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,TITLE: EMILLYCHARLOTTE 2024/2025 ACADEMIC PERIOD
OWNER: EMILLYCHARLOTTE
COPYRIGHT STATEMENT: ©2024 EMILLYCHARLOTTE. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
FIRST PUBLISHED: SEPTEMBER 2024
isotopes - ✔️✔️Correct-same element with different numbers of neutrons

mass spectrometry - ✔️✔️Correct-a method for measuring the relative masses and

abundances of atomic scale particles very precisely

empirical formula - ✔️✔️Correct-shows relative number of atoms in a compound

molecular formula - ✔️✔️Correct-shows the actual number of atoms of each element in a

molecule of compound

aufbau principle - ✔️✔️Correct-the rule that electrons occupy the orbitals of lowest energy

first

quantum mechanics - ✔️✔️Correct-mechanics applied to the atomic and nuclear level

and dealing with photons and other quanta that show both wave and particle behavior

Heisenburg's uncertainty principle - ✔️✔️Correct-the statement that, due to the laws of

quantum mechanics, it is impossible to simultaneously exactly measure a particle's

position and momentum or to exactly measure a particle's energy for a finite amount of

time.

electron energy - ✔️✔️Correct-The strength of attachment of an electron to the nucleus of

an atom; the closer and electron to the nucleus, the higher the electron binding energy.

quantum numbers - ✔️✔️Correct-the four numbers that define each particular electron of

an atom. The Principle Quantum Number (n) describes the electrons' energy and

distance from the nucleus. The Angular Momentum Quantum Number (l) describes the

shape of the orbital in which the electron resides. The Magnetic Quantum Number (m)


2/16

, TITLE: EMILLYCHARLOTTE 2024/2025 ACADEMIC PERIOD
OWNER: EMILLYCHARLOTTE
COPYRIGHT STATEMENT: ©2024 EMILLYCHARLOTTE. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
FIRST PUBLISHED: SEPTEMBER 2024
describes the orientation of the orbital in space. The Spin Quantum Number (s)

describes whether the spin of the electron is positive or negative.

photon - ✔️✔️Correct-packet of energy

electromagnetic radiation - ✔️✔️Correct-A form of energy exhibiting wavelike behavior as

it travels through space; can be described by wavelength, frequency, amplitude, and

speed.

radial probability distributions - ✔️✔️Correct-a graph in which the total probability of

finding the electron in each spherical shell is plotted versus the distance from the

nucleus

isoelectronic - ✔️✔️Correct-same number of electrons

alpha particle - ✔️✔️Correct-...

beta particle - ✔️✔️Correct-...

gamma ray - ✔️✔️Correct-...

group 1 - ✔️✔️Correct-alkali metals

group 2 - ✔️✔️Correct-alkaline earth metals

group 7 - ✔️✔️Correct-halogens

group 8 - ✔️✔️Correct-noble gases

electromagnetic spectrum (decreasing energy) - ✔️✔️Correct-x-ray, uv-ray, visible light,

infrared light, microwaves, tv, radio waves

higher photon energy - ✔️✔️Correct-higher frequencies (∨) and shorter wavelengths (λ)

3/16

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