,Chapter 1—The Evolution of Psychology
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MULTIPLE CHOICE l
1. Which of the following individuals is responsible for establishing ll ll ll ll ll ll ll ll
ll psychologyas an independent discipline with its own subject matter?
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a. WilhelmWundt l
b. G. Stanley Hall
ll ll
c. René Descartes ll
d. William James ll
ANSWER: l l A PTS: 1 ll ll l l REF: p. 4 ll ll ll ll BLM: Remember l l
2. According to historians, when and where did the “birth” of psychology occur? ll ll ll ll ll ll ll ll ll ll ll
a. 1859 in England ll ll
b. 1879 in Germany ll ll
c. 1883 in the United States ll ll ll ll
d. 1909 inAustria ll l
ANSWER: l l B PTS: 1 ll ll l l REF: p. 4 ll ll ll ll BLM: Remember l l
3. According to Wilhelm Wundt, what was the focus of psychology? ll l l ll ll ll ll ll ll
a. to understand functions of behaviour
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b. to understand unconscious motivation
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c. the scientific study of observable behaviour
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d. the scientific study of conscious experience
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ANSWER: l l D PTS: 1 ll ll l l REF: p. 4 ll ll ll ll BLM: Remember l l
4. What did Wilhelm Wundt believe the focus of psychology should be? ll l ll ll ll ll ll ll ll ll
a. studying stimulus-response associations ll ll
b. questioning the nature of existence ll ll ll ll
c. examining people’s awareness of their immediate experience ll ll ll ll ll ll
d. determining people’s unconscious motivation for behaviour ll ll ll ll ll
ANSWER: l l C PTS: 1 ll ll l l REF: p. 4 ll ll ll ll BLM: Higher order
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5. Who established the first psychological research laboratory in the United ll ll ll ll ll ll ll ll ll
ll Statesand launched that country’s first psychology journal?
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a. William James ll
b. G. Stanley Hall
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c. JohnWatson l
d. Edward Titchener l
ANSWER: l l B PTS: 1 ll ll l l REF: p. 5 ll ll ll ll BLM: Remember l l
, 6. Who was the first president of theAmerican PsychologicalAssociation (APA)?
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a. G. Stanley Hall
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b. JohnWatson l
c. William James ll
d. Sigmund Freud ll
ANSWER: l l A PTS: 1 ll ll l l REF: p. 5 ll ll ll ll BLM: Remember l l
7. What is the world’s largest organization devoted to the advancement
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ofpsychology?
ll l
a. Psychologists of NorthAmerica ll ll l
b. Western Psychological Society l l
c. World Psychology Organization l l
d. American PsychologicalAssociation ll l
ANSWER: l l D PTS: 1 ll ll l l REF: p. 5 ll ll ll ll BLM: Remember l l
8. What were the first two major schools of psychology? ll ll ll ll ll ll ll ll
a. functionalism and behaviourism ll ll
b. behaviourism and psychoanalytic theory ll ll ll
c. behaviourism and Gestalt psychology ll ll ll
d. structuralism and functionalism ll ll
ANSWER: l l D PTS: 1 ll ll l l REF: p. 6 ll ll ll ll BLM: Remember l l
9.Which school of psychology focused on identifying and examining the ll ll ll ll ll ll ll ll ll
ll fundamental components of conscious experience, such as sensations, feelings, and
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ll images?
a. humanism
b. structuralism
c. functionalism
d. behaviourism
ANSWER: l l B PTS: 1 ll ll l l REF: p. 6 ll ll ll ll BLM: Remember l l
10. Which type of psychologist was most likely to use the technique ll ll ll ll ll ll ll ll ll ll
ll ofintrospection?
l
a. structuralist
b. behaviourist
c. cognitive
d. humanist
ANSWER: l l A PTS: 1 ll ll l l REF: p. 6 ll ll ll ll BLM: Higher order l l ll
11. Mariska is participating in a study in which she is asked to carefully ll ll ll ll ll ll ll ll ll ll ll ll
ll observeand report her conscious reactions to several stimuli. Which type of psychologist is
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ll most likely to conduct a study like this?
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a. structuralist
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