NUR 8022 EXAM 3 LATEST ACTUAL
EXAM QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
DETAILED ANSWERS WITH
RATIONALES (VERIFIED ANSWERS) |
ALREADY GRADED A+ 2024-2025
What hormone regulates sodium? where is it synthesized?
Correct Answer Aldosterone. Synthesized in the adrenal
cortex.
When is aldosterone secreted? Correct Answer
Decreased renal perfusion, low NA levels, high K levels.
What are the effects of aldosterone secretion? Correct
Answer Acts on the distule tubule of the kidney to
reabsorb sodium and water and excrete K and H+ into
urine.
Describe the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system
Correct Answer decreased blood pressure causes the
juxtaglomerular cells of kidney to secrete renin
renin stimulates angiotensin I
angiotensin I converted to angiotensin II by ACE in
pulmonary vessels
leads to reabsorption of Na/H20, rise of systemic BP
restoring renal perfusion... all negative feedback that
inhibits further release of renin
What produces ANP? Urodilantin? Correct Answer
myocardial atria
urodilantin is similar to ANP and is secreted by kidney
cells in response to increased renal blood flow.
Where is BNP produced? Correct Answer ventricles
ANP and BNP are antagonist to what Correct Answer
RASS and stop secretion of aldosterone, renin, and AD
and the action of angiotensin II
Thirst perception is regulated by; Correct Answer 1.
Osmolality receptors (cause thirst ex: dry mouth, plasma
volume depletion)
2. Baroreceptors (stimulated by depleted plasma volume
to cause release of ADH)
What does ADH (arginine vasopressin) do? When is is
released? Correct Answer - increases H20 absorption by
increasing permeability of renal tubules in collecting ducts
of kidneys
- released with increased plasma osmolality, decreased
circulating blood vol., decreased BP
, What is osmolality? normal value? Correct Answer
Number of particles per kg of H20. Doesn't depend on
particle size, just number of particles.
normal = 295
What does high/low osmolality indicate Correct Answer
low (less 295) = fluid overload
high > 295 = dehydration
What is a hypotonic solution? Correct Answer a solution
that has a lower osmotic pressure than another solution.
Less solute, more water.
What is an isotonic alteration? cause? Correct Answer
Total body water change with proportional electrolyte
changes.
Hyperchloremia Correct Answer Cl>105
Occurs with high Na or low bicarb.
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