NU 607 Module 2 Exam Questions and Answers All Correct 2024 New Update
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Course
NU 607
Institution
NU 607
NU 607 Module 2 Exam Questions and Answers All Correct 2024 New Update
What is a major source of drug-drug interactions? - Answer- altered metabolism through drugs that increase the metabolism of other drugs or decrease the metabolism of other drugs through inhibiting or inducing
What is a c...
NU 607 Module 2 Exam Questions
and Answers All Correct 2024 New
Update
What is a major source of drug-drug interactions? - Answer- altered metabolism through
drugs that increase the metabolism of other drugs or decrease the metabolism of other
drugs through inhibiting or inducing
What is a classic example of food reducing drug absorption? - Answer- the interaction
between calcium-containing foods and tetracycline antibiotics; if tetracyclines are
administered with milk products or calcium supplements, absorption is reduced and
antibacterial effects may be lost
Grapefruit juice effect - Answer- grapefruit juice can inhibit the metabolism of certain
drugs, thereby raising their blood levels- raises drug levels mainly by inhibiting
metabolism. specifically inhibits CYP3A4
Monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitors (family of antidepressants) and foods rich in
tyramine (aged cheeses, yeast extracts, Chianti wine) - Answer- when these are
combined, blood pressure can rise to a life-threatening level
Potassium-sparing diuretics (Spironolactone) & salt substitutes - Answer- can result in
dangerously high potassium levels
Adverse drug reactions - Answer- any noxious, unintended, and undesired effect that
occurs at normal drug doses
Side effect (Type A reaction) - Answer- a nearly unavoidable secondary drug effect
produced at therapeutic doses. common examples include drowsiness caused by
traditional antihistamines and gastric irritation caused by aspirin' generally predictable
and intensity is dose dependent
Allergic reaction - Answer- an immune response after the immune system has been
sensitized to a drug; re-exposure to that drug can trigger an allergic response. body will
produce IgE antibodies against these molecules and cause release of histamine which
can result in various reactions from mild skin rash to severe, life-threatening reaction
known as anaphylactic shock
, What is the intensity of an allergic reaction determined by? - Answer- primarily by the
degree of sensitization of the immune system, not by drug dosage; largely independent
of drug dose
Idiosyncratic effect - Answer- an uncommon drug response resulting from a genetic
predisposition
Classic example of idiosyncratic effect - Answer- patients with glucose-6-phosphate
dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency, an X-linked inherited condition, when people with
this deficiency take drugs such as sulfonamides or aspirin, they develop varying
degrees of RBC hemolysis
Anaphylactic reaction - Answer- occur minutes to hours after exposure and are
manifested by hives, itching, bronchospasm, wheezing, vomiting, diarrhea, and
circulatory collapse
*life-threatening medical emergency
type II hypersensitivity reaction due to sensitized IgE with mast cell degranulation and
release of histamine upon exposure to antigen
Carcinogenic effect - Answer- refers to the ability of certain medications and
environmental chemicals to cause cancers
Teratogenic effect - Answer- a drug-induced birth defect; structural damage to the fetus
caused by drugs or chemicals
Pharmacodynamics - Answer- the study of the biochemical and physiologic effects of
drugs and the molecular mechanisms by which those effects are produced; study of
what drugs do to the body and how they do it
Mechanisms of action - Answer- ways by which drugs can produce therapeutic effects;
once the drug is at the site of action, it can increase or decrease the rate at which cells
or tissues function
Dose-response relationship - Answer- the relationship between the size of an
administered dose and the intensity of the response produced
Efficacy - Answer- the largest effect that a drug can produce
True/False: A drug with a very high maximal efficacy does not mean it is always more
desirable than one with a lower efficacy - Answer- True
Potency - Answer- the amount of drug we must give to elicit an effect
True/False: A drug that is more potent will produce a therapeutic effect at a lower dose
compared to a drug with the higher dose - Answer- True
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