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NUR 205 - Exam 1 Questions And Accurate Answers
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NUR 205 - Exam 1 Questions And Accurate Answersinfection:
a disease that is caused by the presence of pathogens in or on the body
infection cycle:
1. infectious agent
2. reservoir
3. portal of exit
4. means of transmission
5. portal of entry
6. susceptible host
ways to break infection chain:
sterilization, washing hands, PPE, immunizations
most significant & prevalent in hospitals:
bacteria
smallest of all the microorganisms:
viruses
plant-like organisms found in air, soil, and water:
fungi
where do germs live:
dark, moist, warm areas
examples of reservoirs:
human, foul water, contaminated soil, animals, food, inanimate objects
reservoir:
natural habitat for organism where it grows and multiplies
a carrier is a:
,reservoir but may be asymptomatic
factors affecting organisms' potential to cause disease:
virulence, competence of a person's immune system, number of organisms, length &
intimacy of contact
virulence factors:
an organisms' ability to cause disease
endemic:
occurs with predictability in one specific region or population
pandemic:
global outbreak of a new or unknown infection/disease
portals of exit:
pathway of entry in host, - respiratory tract, gastrointestinal tract, genitourinary tract,
breaks in skin, bodily fluids
route of transmission:
airborne, droplet, direct contact, indirect contact, vector
anatomical locations of entry:
breaks in skin, respiratory tract, gastrointestinal tract, genitourinary tract
host having susceptibility:
immunocompromised, host factor, - vulnerability, age, environment
factors that predispose host to infection:
immunocompromised, low wbcs, intact/ integrity of skin or mucous membranes, gender,
age, race, hereditary factors, vaccinations, environment, stress levels, nutrition,
fatigue, health habits, use of invasive medical devices
normal wbc count:
5,000-10,000
stages of infection:
1. incubation period
2. prodromal stage
3. full stage of illness
, 4. convalescent period
incubation period:
grows & multiples with no signs or symptoms
prodromal stage:
when person is most infectious/contagious; vague and not specific signs of disease so
no precautions are taken
full stage of illness:
period of incline - worst symptoms
period of decline - symptoms get better
convalescent period:
recovery stage
most susceptible to infection:
during period of decline
classic signs of infection:
fever, inflammation, redness, pain
nuring interventions:
what can be done by nurses to prevent the spread of infections
-PPE, washing hands, sterilization, vaccinations
hand hygiene:
best method of prevention from infectious agent dissemination
alcohol based hand rubs:
quick method to remove germs when visibly unsoiled hands
5 moments when you need to wash your hands:
1. before physical contact with a patient
2. before a clean or aseptic procedure (catheter, wound dressing)
3. after physical contact with a patient
4. after being exposed to body fluids
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