NUR 265 Exam 1 Questions And Answers With Latest Solutions
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Course
NUR 265
Institution
NUR 265
NUR 265 Exam 1 Questions And Answers With Latest Solutions
What is nephrotic syndrome? ANS A condition of increased glomerular permeability that allows larger molecules to pass through the membrane into the urine and then be excreted.
What are key features of nephrotic syndrome? ANS -*Massive...
NUR 265 Exam 1 Questions And Answers With Latest
Solutions
What is nephrotic syndrome? ANS A condition of increased glomerular permeability that allows larger
molecules to pass through the membrane into the urine and then be excreted.
What are key features of nephrotic syndrome? ANS -*Massive proteinuria*
-*Hypoalbuminemia*
-*Edema (facial and periorbital)*
-Lipiduria
-Hyperlipidemia
-Increased coagulation
-Reduced kidney function
In nephrotic syndrome, severe protein loss in the urine is greater than what? ANS 3.5g in 24 hours
What is nephrotic syndrome treated with? ANS -immunosuppressant agents (if immunity based).
-ACE inhibitors (decreased protein loss in urine)
-statins (improve blood lipid levels).
-Heparin (used to treat vascular effects and improve kidney function)
Describe the "risk" stage for AKI ANS creatinine x 1.5 of normal, and GFR reduced by 25%
Describe the "injury" stage for AKI ANS creatinine x2 & GFR reduced by 50%
Describe the "failure" stage for AKI ANS creatinine x3 normal, & GFR reduced by 75% (Cant fix)
Describe Prerenal AKI. Give examples. ANS Decreased perfusion to kidneys.
-NSAIDs
-Severe dehydration
, -Renal artery stenosis
-MI or HF resulting in low ejection fraction and low cardiac output
-Blood/ fluid loss
Describe Intrarenal AKI. Give examples. ANS Tissue damage to the actual kidneys.
-Glomerulonephritis or inflammation of the glomeruli
-Sepsis
-Intrarenal bleeding
-Pyelonephritis
Describe Postrenal AKI. Give examples. ANS Obstruction that occurs after the kidney.
-Enlarged prostate (BPH)
-Bladder Cancer
-Kidney stones
How do you determine the mean arterial pressure (MAP)? ANS Systolic + (Diastolic*2) /3
What is the MAP needed to perfuse the kidneys? ANS 65 mmHg
What are examples of nephrotoxic drugs? ANS -NSAIDS
-Metformin
-Diuretics
-Antibiotics (especially -mycin)
-Contrast dye
During the diuretic phase of AKI, what needs to be monitored? ANS Watch for dehydration and make sure
output is greater than input
What are the dietary restrictions for an AKI patient? ANS -Low protein
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