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PCN 103 Test 3 Exam with complete solutions 2024_2025
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PCN 103 Test 3 Exam with complete solutions 2024_2025
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PCN 103 Test 3 Exam with completesolutions 2024/2025
neurosis - ANSWER-describing ineffective coping with stress that causes mild
interpersonal disorganization
psychosis - ANSWER-out of touch with reality and has severe personality
deterioration, impaired perception and judgment , hallucinations, and delusions
Dementia - ANSWER-slow and progressive worsening of symptoms: impaired
memory judgement, personality changes, decreased cognitive function, impaired
orientation
treatment for dementia - ANSWER-depends on the cause. prognosis is poor;
essential feature of this condition is slow deteriorating rate of mental function
Delirium - ANSWER-acute, rapid onset of symptoms:disorientation, incoherent
thought content, impaired cognitive function, symptoms worsen at night,
illusions, hallcinations
treatment of delirium - ANSWER-treatment depends on the cause; prognosis is
guarded
nursing interventions include - ANSWER-place large clock and calendar in view;
keep curtains opened and lights on during the day; and use calm supportive
approach, do not expose to crowds, give instructions one step at a time, keep in
simple terms, place bed in lowest positions, monitor wight montlhy; have family
bring in patients favorite foods, assist as need with ADL's
schizophrenia - ANSWER-inappropriate emotional responses, bizarre behaviors,
impaired communication, delusion, illusions, hallucinations, inability to relate to
,others, self-care deficit, symptoms present at least 6 months, with positive
behaviors for 1 month or more
treatment for schizophrenia - ANSWER-treatment is milieu therapy(environment),
psychotherapy, antipsychotic drug therapy, and long term social support
prognosis is variable and depends on extent of the symptoms and responses to
treatment
patient with paranoid type is often reluctant to seek treatment
nursing interventions for schizophrenia - ANSWER-be available to listen actively,
use clear, simple statements in communications; ensure that your body language
is in tune with the message; and avoid hand gesturing when talking to prevent
distraction from message, use verabal reminding pace large clock in view avoid
having patient make choices, ask patients directly about hallucinations
major depression - ANSWER-prolonged, intense unhappiness symptoms include
apathy, pessimism, multiple physical complaints, guilt feelings, anxiety, isolation,
suicidal thoughts, appetite disturbance, fatigue, sleep disturbance, constipation,
limited attention span, short term memory disturbance
treat for major depression - ANSWER-antidepressant drug therapy, individual
family or group psychotherapy and electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) when drug
therapy is ineffective or drugs are contraindicated
Bipolar affective disorder - ANSWER-mood swings with manic episodes,
alternating with or without episodes of depression. symptoms of mania: grand or
self-confident mood, overresponsiveness to stimuli, insomnia without fatigue,
impaired judgement, irritability, psychomotor overactivity
treatment for bipolar - ANSWER-include psychotherapy; antimanic drugs(lithium);
and family and individual supports. prognosis depens on response to medication
and treatment
nursing intervention for affective (mood) disorders - ANSWER-use kind but firm
manner,be honest and consistent, show compassion, composure, avoid
competitive activites, monitor meds, high fiber diet to avoid constipation from
meds
generalized anxiety - ANSWER-occurs around 20-30 yrs of age symptoms:
apprehension, irritability, insomnia, poor concentration, fear of unknown,
,preoccupied or neglectful self-care, autonomic hyperacitvity, conversation
dominated by physical complaints
treatment for generalized anxiety - ANSWER-relaxation techniques, exercise,
visual imagery, massage, biofeedback imagery and antianxiety drugs therapy
prognosis: is variable condition sometimes last 6 months or longer
panic disorders - ANSWER-severe anxiety, intense fear; exhibits physical
manifestations suddenly without apparent reason; onset in late 20's
treatment for panic disorders - ANSWER-use treatments for genalized disorders ,
attacks last minutes to hours and possibly recur several times a week
phobias - ANSWER-persistent and irrational fear of a specific object, situation or
activity; leads to lifesytle or self-protective avoidance; social phobias are
common in women
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorders (OCD) - ANSWER-anxiety condition
characterized by inability to sop persistant, irrational and uncontrollable
acts(compulsions) or thought (obbsessions) contrary t person's standards or
judgment; usually appears after adolescence, resulting from fear, guilt and
anticipation of punishment, person in orderly, meticulous, dependable stubborn
treatment for ocd - ANSWER-drug therapy using clompipramine
prognosis is more severe than with other anxiety disorders, complete recovery is
rare
nursing interventions for anxiety disorders - ANSWER-reduce agitation, restrict
visitors to decrease stimuli, encourage to share thought, relaxation techniques
deep breathing imagery, brisk walks, back rub
personality disorders - ANSWER-include poor impulse control(drinking,
overeating, substance abuse, assaultive behavior: self-destructive acts such as
self-mutilation, manipulation of thers or dependence on others
treatment of personality disorders - ANSWER-psycholtherapeutic drug therapy,
support groups, family counseling
prognosis is guarders
nursing interventions for personality disorders - ANSWER-be firm and consistent,
set limits on behavior, establish consequences for violating limits, provide
, positive feedback for appropriate behavior; encourage ventilation of feelings,
encourage decision making
sundowning syndrome - ANSWER-increased disorenation and agitation only
during the evening and nightime
dementia - ANSWER-an altered mental sate secondary to cerbral disease usually
slow and progressive loss of intellectual function that is often irreversible
the 2 key aspects of nursing intervention for dementia - ANSWER-reality
orientation techniques and providing a safe environment
hallucination - ANSWER-a sensory experience without a stimulus trigger
most common type of hallucinations - ANSWER-auditory hallucinations
apathy - ANSWER-lack of energy or interest, an acceptance of just sitting and
doing nothing
affect - ANSWER-is the outward display or expression of emotion that is felt
flat affect - ANSWER-lack on nonverbal exprssion of emotions, such as facial
expression or tone of voice
anhedonia - ANSWER-the inability to experience happiness or joy
subtypes of schizophrenia - ANSWER-disorganized
pananoid
catatonic
undifferentiated
residual
disorganized - ANSWER-flat or inappropriate affect, incoherence; prognosis is
poor
paranoid - ANSWER-delusion, auditory hallucinations; prognoiss is good with
treatment
catatonic - ANSWER-stupor, negativism, rigidity, excitment, posturing; prognosis
is fair
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