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PRAXIS 2 BIOLOGY CONTENT 5235 EXAM 2024/2025 WITH 100% ACCURATE SOLUTIONS
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PRAXIS 2 BIOLOGY CONTENT 5235 EXAM 2024/2025 WITH 100% ACCURATE SOLUTIONS
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PRAXIS 2 BIOLOGY CONTENT 5235 EXAM 2024/2025 WITH100% ACCURATE SOLUTIONS
What is inheritance? - Precise Answer ✔✔the process by which characteristics are
passed from one generation to another
Who was Gregor Mendel? - Precise Answer ✔✔The father of genetics; studied
relationships between traits expressed in parents and offspring and hereditary
factors causing the expression of these traits.
What is the generation of plants used to perform the first cross called? - Precise
Answer ✔✔P1 generation
F1 generation - Precise Answer ✔✔first generation of offspring resulting from two
P1 crosses
F2 generation - Precise Answer ✔✔generation resulting from cross of 2 F1 crosses
genes - Precise Answer ✔✔hereditary factor
How many copies of genes are carried by an individual? - Precise Answer ✔✔2
copies of a gene; copies may differ
dominant gene - Precise Answer ✔✔gene that can mask the effect of a recessive
gene
,recessive gene - Precise Answer ✔✔gene that cannot mask the effect of a gene.
Generally 2 copies of a recessive gene are required for the trait to be expressed.
chromosome - Precise Answer ✔✔A threadlike structure of nucleic acids and
protein found in the nucleus of most living cells, carrying genetic information in
the form of genes.
homologous chromosomes - Precise Answer ✔✔Corresponding pairs of
chromosomes that carry genes for the same traits. Found in most eukaryotes
gene locus - Precise Answer ✔✔position on a homologous chromosome at which
the genes that produce a given trait exist
allele - Precise Answer ✔✔different form of a gene. E.g., yellow seeds and green
seeds arise from different alleles of the same gene.
What are the products of meiosis? - Precise Answer ✔✔gamete cells with 1/2 the
genetic information of the parents.
What is the Law of Independent Assortment? - Precise Answer ✔✔States that
paired chromosomes are separated and sorted independently. As a result, each
gamete may receive one of any number of combinations of each parent's
chromosomes.
genotype - Precise Answer ✔✔combination of alleles that make a particular trait
phenotype - Precise Answer ✔✔trait expressed from the combination of alleles
that make a particular trait.
,dominant allele - Precise Answer ✔✔allele that masks the effect of its partner
allele
recessive allele - Precise Answer ✔✔allele that does not produce its trait when
present with a dominant allele.
Punnett square - Precise Answer ✔✔notation that allows for the prediction of a
genetic cross.
homozygous trait - Precise Answer ✔✔when both alleles for a given gene are the
same in an individual
heterozygous trait - Precise Answer ✔✔when both alleles for a given gene are
different in an individual.
monohybrid cross - Precise Answer ✔✔a cross between two individuals where
only one trait is considered.
dihybrid cross - Precise Answer ✔✔a cross between two individuals where two
separate traits are considered.
law of segregation - Precise Answer ✔✔Mendel's 1st law of inheritance - traits are
expressed from a pair of genes in the individual on homologous chromosomes
What is the Law of Segregation? - Precise Answer ✔✔paired
chromosomes/corresponding genes separate and randomly recombine during
gamete formation.
, What is the Law of Dominance? - Precise Answer ✔✔Mendel's 2nd law of
inheritance - one gene usually expresses itself over the other (one gene is dominant
over the other)
What evidence is produced by F1 generation according to the Law of Dominance?
- Precise Answer ✔✔The fact that the F1 generation produced no recessive traits is
evidence of law of dominance.
What is the Law of Independent Assortment? - Precise Answer ✔✔Mendel's 3rd
law of inheritance - since homologous chromosomes separate and independently
sort in gamete formation, alleles are also separated and independently sorted.
What is incomplete dominance? - Precise Answer ✔✔some traits are determined
by genes that are neither dominant nor recessive and instead produce offspring that
are a mix of the 2 parents. EX - red and white flowers produce pink flower
co-dominance - Precise Answer ✔✔also known as incomplete dominance
Multiple alleles - Precise Answer ✔✔ABO blood group is example. More than 2
choices of alleles are present. In ABO group, A and B are dominant and O is
recessive.
linked traits - Precise Answer ✔✔traits that are inherited together. This is
exception to law of independent assortment. Some traits are always inherited
together.
What is crossing over? - Precise Answer ✔✔During metaphase of meiosis 1 when
homologous chromosomes line up along the center of the dividing cell, some
pieces of the chromosomes break off and move from one chromosome to another.
Adds more variation of traits.
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