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Semmelweis Entrance Exam Medicine Biology Questions and Answers
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Semmelweis Entrance Exam Medicine Biology Questions and Answers
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Semmelweis Entrance Exam MedicineBiology Questions and Answers
What are carbohydrates and lipids? - Correct Answers -Organic compounds that are
mostly composed of three types of atom; carbon, hydrogen and oxygen
What do carbohydrates do? - Correct Answers -provide energy, in the form of sugars
like glucose and fructose, but they also make up structures like cellulose, which form
the cell wall of plant cells
What type of carbohydrate is the most important source of energy? - Correct Answers -
mono-, di- and poly-saccharides
What are mono and disaccharides? - Correct Answers -polar and soluble in water
What are polysaccharides? - Correct Answers -Macromolecules resulting from
polymerisation (condensation) of sugars and are not soluble in water
Examples of monosaccharides - Correct Answers -ribose, glucose, fructose, galactose
What forms a disaccharide? - Correct Answers -two monosaccharides linked together
by condensation reactions with glycosidic bonds releasing one H2O molecule
Alpha glucose structure - Correct Answers -
Beta glucose structure - Correct Answers -
Examples of Polysaccharides - Correct Answers -cellulose, glycogen and starch
Monomer of Sucrose - Correct Answers -glucose and fructose
monomer of maltose - Correct Answers -glucose and glucose
monomer of lactose - Correct Answers -glucose and galactose
monomer of starch - Correct Answers -glucose
, monomer of glycogen - Correct Answers -glucose
monomer of cellulose - Correct Answers -glucose
In animals, what carbohydrate stores energy? - Correct Answers -glycogen
What jobs do carbohydrates have other than storing energy? - Correct Answers -
structural components
What differs the polysaccharides all made up of glucose? - Correct Answers -they differ
in the arrangement of glucose molecules and position of the glycosidic bonds
Starch arrangement - Correct Answers -amylopectin branched, amylose linear
What is galactose? - Correct Answers -a sugar in milk
What is fructose? - Correct Answers -a sugar found in fruit and honey
Main characteristic of lipids? - Correct Answers -little to no affinity to water, mostly
hydrophobic
What are the simple forms of lipids? - Correct Answers -fat, oil and wax
What are lipids characteristics in different solvents? - Correct Answers -they are non-
polar and insoluble in water, but soluble in organic solvents
What are triglycerides? - Correct Answers -the main group of lipids. They are formed by
condensation reactions between one glycerol and three fatty acids, creating ester bonds
What are the main types of triglycerides? - Correct Answers -fats and oils. Fats are solid
and oil liquid at room temp
What are fatty acids? - Correct Answers -carboxylic acids, possessing a -COOH
functional group
What are the two basic forms of fatty acids? - Correct Answers -saturated and
unsaturated
What differs saturated from unsaturated fatty acids? - Correct Answers -Unsaturated
fatty acids have double bonds; a monounsaturated having one, whereas a
polyunsaturated having multiple
What are cis and trans isomers? - Correct Answers -cis having the double bond
elements on the same side, trans on opposite
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