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2024 NURSING 251 INTRAVENOUS THERAPY EXAM 2 WITH ANSWERS
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2024 NURSING 251 INTRAVENOUS THERAPY EXAM 2 WITH ANSWERS
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2024 NURSING 251 INTRAVENOUSTHERAPY EXAM 2 WITH ANSWERS
True or False
Intravenous therapy is a method of replacing fluid and electrolytes into the
blood stream rather than the digestive stream. - CORRECT-ANSWERSTrue
What is the technique used where the vein is punctured through the skin by
a sharp rigid stylet? - CORRECT-ANSWERSVenipuncture
Additional forms of IV therapy - CORRECT-ANSWERS1. Central lines - CVC
(Central Venous Catheter) - Usually Triple Lumen
2. PICC Lines - Peripherally Inserted Central Catheter (starts in the arm and
goes to the heart).
3. Mediports - device implanted under the skin.
IV Equipment - CORRECT-ANSWERS1. Bags - most common, collapsable, no
venting is required.
2. Bottles - if additives absorbed by plastic (usually lipids seen with TPN)
IV Solutions - CORRECT-ANSWERS1. IV solutions fall into three categories and
most are mixed.
1. Isotonic
2. Hypertonic
3. Hypotonic
Isotonic - CORRECT-ANSWERS- Same effective osmality as body fluids
- Indicated for extracellular volume replacement
Ex. FVD after prolonged vomiting
- D5W, NSS, LR (multipe electrolytes)
- D5W (Dextrose is quickly metabolized leaving free water to be evenly
distributed)
- LR contains Na, K, Ca, Cl and lactate.
Hypertonic - CORRECT-ANSWERS- Have an effective osmality greater than
the body fluids.
Example - D5WNS, D51/2NS (5% dextrose and 0.45NS) D5LR
, Hypotonic - CORRECT-ANSWERS- Have an effective osmality less than body
fluids.
Ex. 1/2 NS = 0.45NS
Hypertonic and Hypotonic - CORRECT-ANSWERSBased on the patient's
specific fluid and electrolyte imbalance
IV additives - CORRECT-ANSWERS- Potassium is commonly added to IV
solutions to correct imbalances or for clients who are NPO.
- Body cannot conserve Potassium (NPO status) and the kidneys continue to
excrete K, leading quickly to Hypokalemia.
- Likely, assess to see if the client has adequate urinary output before
administering K to avoid Hypokalemia.
- Potassium is very closely monitored, because it is directly related to cardiac
dysrrhythmia.
IV administration Sets - CORRECT-ANSWERS1. Heparin Lock
2. Extension Tubing
3. Piggy Back Admin Set
4. Basic Tubing
5. Primary Tubing
6. Plum Pump tubing
7. Secondary Tubing
8. Secondary sets
9. Volume Chambers/Solusets/buretrols
10. Controllers - can be added to the IV tubing station (Stat Masters)
11. Pumps
IV pumps - CORRECT-ANSWERSAltoona Hospital uses the PLUM PUMP
- This helps to prevent fluid overload.
- Must know how to operate it.
- Tubing contains a cassette which is inverted into the pump after bing
primed.
- 5 main buttons:
1. Rate: ml/hr
2. VTBI (Volume to be infused)
3. Run
4. Hold
5. Clear
Initiating a peripheral Intravenous Infusion - CORRECT-ANSWERS- Review
physicians orders for TYPE, AMOUNT, RATE OF ADMISSION.
- Follow the 6 rights of med administration
- Observe for S/S of fluid and electrolyte imbalance:
- Edema and/or increased body weight
- dry skin/mucous membranes
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