NURS 221 Pathophysiology Midterm
Exam
health - correct answer ✔a state of complete physical, mental, and social
well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity
Clinical Manifestations - correct answer ✔signs and symptoms
signs - correct answer ✔observable and objective.
ex: HR 100
symptoms - correct answer ✔subjective patient findings
ex: my head hurts
secondary disease prevention - correct answer ✔early. detection and
treatment
have the disease but no symptom,s
tertiary disease prevention - correct answer ✔reduce disease complications
have the disease and symptoms are present
General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS) - correct answer ✔set of physiological
and metabolic changes that supply an organism with energy to cover the
demands of fighting stressors and protecting. vital physiological functions until
Normal conditions are restored
, stages of GAS - correct answer ✔alarm, resistance, exhaustion
alarm stage (GAS) - correct answer ✔A generalized stimulation of the
sympathetic nervous system and the HPA axis resulting in release of
catecholamines and cortisol
fight or flight response
resistance stage (GAS) - correct answer ✔20-80 mins later
the body selects the most effective and economic channels of defense to
return to homeostasis
exhaustion stage (GAS) - correct answer ✔resources are depleted and signs
of wear and tear appear
chronic effects of stress are seen here
can no longer return to homeostasis
physiologic reserve - correct answer ✔the ability of the body systems to
increase their function given the need. to adapt
RBC/ox
liver cells / nutrient storage
bone / Ca storage
anatomic reserve - correct answer ✔paired organs that are not needed to
ensure the continued existence and matianence of the internal environment
chronic effects of stress - correct answer ✔pathophysiologic - illness/disease
altered physiolgocial function - cardio, GI, immune, neuro
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