Comprehensive Human Evolution Notes :
Dive into the journey of human evolution with these meticulous notes. Covering every major stage of evolutionary history, from hominid ancestors to modern humans, these notes offer detailed explanations backed by evidence from fossils, genetics, and anthropolo...
EVOLUTION 8 THE ORIGIN OF ORGANISMS
the process by which new types of organisms develop from
4 DEVELOPMENT OF EMBRYO
existing organisms
organisms dev . from common ancestor
ERASMUS DARWIN early stages of development → all embryos have nerve cord
spdlnal cord
living organisms ( and humans ) changed over time due to a 8 supporting rod
vital force
5 GENETIC SIMILARITIES
JEAN -
BAPTISTE de LAMARCK gene pool 1 DNA changes over time
environment caused changes in organisms close similarities in DNA = shows related hell
use Id 11 Use → creatures could dev new organs ( change
.
organisms with more similarities in protein t nucleic acid leg
structure ( function = more closely related
giraffes stretched their necks 9 BIOCHEMICAL SIMILAR 171ft
DNA
CHARLES DARWIN shared amino acid sequences
individuals most suited to their environment
lived long enough to reproduce
parents passed good traits → offspring
tell favourable traits → died
WALLACE
• related species dev . from a common ancestor 8 changed
over time
•
populations living in separate areas could lead to new species
EVOLUTION → SCIENTIFIC THEORY
satisfied most tests
CREATIONISTS believe Earth 8 all living things were created In a
event
single
SCIENCE needs evidence to support its facts
FAITH act of belief based on absolute trust in a holy being
2 STRUCTURAL SIMILARITIES t MODIFICATION
BY DESCENT
analogous t homologous
convergent t divergent
3 MODIFICATION WITHIN A SPEC Ift
adaptations ( modification occurred to adapt to different
environments
eg : horse
, EVOLUTION BY NATURAL SELECTION
the process of change over a
long geological time period which leads to individuals adapting to their environment
changing s
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Micro -
EVOLUTION MACRO -
EVOLUTION
process of change 8 variation that occurs within a species gradual process of change that leads to the formation of a new species
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1 FOSSIL RECORD Faq
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living organisms
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have changed 8 developed
years ago
over time
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3 Similarities and differences in type , origins and functions of body structures
extinct 8 extant species
4 Clues about relationship btw .
and environment mya
s climate
DIVERGENT
EVOLUTION
CONVERGENT HOMOLOGOUS STRUCTURES
EVOLUTION
ANALOGOUS BODY STRUCTURES
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BODY STRUCTURES THAT DO THE SAME JOB
SLIGHTLY DIFFERENT STRUCTURE
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THEY WERE INHERITED
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FEATURE 1 OR CHARACTERISTICS SHARED BY A GROUP OF SPECIES
FROM THE SAME COMMON ANCESTOR
BECAUSE
{I At If,
A COMMON ANCESTOR AND SHARE
WHEN OR GANI ? Mf NOT CLOSELY RELATED EVOLVE SIMILAR ADAPTIONS INDEPENDENTLY
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, FROM SIMILAR
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GENETIC SIMILARITIES
close similarities DNA → of different
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species [ related ]
with more similarities in protein
organisms
and nucleic acid sequences ( closely related ]
b BIOGEOGRAPHY
the study of distribution of species
broke up and
drifted apart
PANGAEA =
Of similar f-011111
On diff continents
explains exist .
7 LIVING LINKS joining
duck -
billed platypus primitive mammal that eggs
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