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NCE + CPCE Questions________ was a university professor in the late 19th and early 20th century who was an advocate for the
career guidance movement and wrote several books about the importance of vocational counseling.
In 1909, ______ most well-known book, Choosing a Vocation, was published posthumously and outlined
the trait-factor theory of career development. - correct answer ✔✔Frank Parsons
The first stage of ______ consists of developing trust between counselor and client, with the result being
a better understanding of the problems the client has in terms of career decisions. - correct answer
✔✔Career Counseling
Within the career counseling process there are several steps: [6] - correct answer ✔✔1. establishing a
relationship.
2. identifying the problem.
3. conducting an assessment.
4. providing information.
5. making a decision.
6. Implementing the plan.
Much like in counseling practice, issues of confidentiality arise in research as well.
Only ______ gathering data should have access to information obtained on subjects during the study.
Information gathered during studies should only be released to others with the written consent of the
subjects. - correct answer ✔✔Researchers and research assistants
________ was passed in 1972 as part of the educational amendments, and bans sex discrimination in K-
12 schools and colleges.
While _______ technically applies to both academics and athletics, the focus has mostly been on giving
women equal opportunities with men in sports, and giving women the same proportion of participation
in athletic opportunities as men have. - correct answer ✔✔Title IX
,Researchers might apply a test after the analysis of variance is calculated (post hoc) if it is unclear as to
which mean scores are significantly different from each other. Post hoc tests that may be able to clarify
this problem include
___________. [4] - correct answer ✔✔1. Scheffe's method
2. Tukey's HSD
3. Newman-Keuls
4. Duncan's new multiple range test
Researchers might apply a test after the analysis of variance is calculated. - correct answer ✔✔Post Hoc
The ___________ test is a nonparametric measure used when scores collected from two independent
samples do not follow normal distributions. - correct answer ✔✔Mann-Whitney U
A needs assessment is an important element of program planning, as it defines the differences between
what currently exists and what is needed or desired to change the situation.
When collecting data, random sampling should be used when possible in order to obtain an accurate
representation of needs.
This ensures that the data is _______ and can be applied to the broader system. - correct answer
✔✔Valid
There are four levels of measurement: [4] - correct answer ✔✔1. Nominal
2. Ordinal
3. Interval
4. Ratio
________ refers to numbers that represent categories or qualities of the variable, such as race, gender,
and age.
Nonparametric statistical measures, which are often used with descriptive data, should be used with
nominal data. - correct answer ✔✔Nominal data
,________________ measures, which are often used with descriptive data, should be used with nominal
data. - correct answer ✔✔Nonparametric statistical
Proponents of ____________ believe that career development results from constant interaction
between the individual, the environment, and the dynamics between individual and environment.
From a __________ standpoint, the goal of career counseling is for the individual to make sense of his or
her situation. - correct answer ✔✔Contextualism
__________ assert that individuals cannot be separated from their environments and that reality is
created by individuals' perceptions and ways of organizing information. - correct answer
✔✔Contextualists
________ model of consultation in counseling is a mental health consultation model.
In ________ model, two professionals discuss issues specific to mental health diagnoses, such as eating
disorders, and treatment.
The center of discussion can be an individual client or family, the consultee and the client, treatment or a
specific program, or the consultee and administration. - correct answer ✔✔Caplan's
Irvin Yalom is known for his contributions to group counseling theory. He identified four stages: [4]
"Storming" is the second group stage in a theory identified by Tuckman, not Yalom. - correct answer
✔✔1. Orientation
2. Conflict
3. Cohesion
4. Termination.
Any individual who threatens to kill himself or herself should be taken seriously, even if those close to
the individual do not think he or she would actually follow through.
The counselor should certainly tell the student's parents about the suicidal statement and arrange a
meeting between the student and teacher to discuss the incident.
, However, before doing anything else the counselor should perform a ___________ to determine
whether there is imminent danger to the student.
If the counselor determines that the student is actively suicidal, then measures should be taken to
ensure his safety, such as hospitalization. - correct answer ✔✔Risk assessment
Career counselors must be sensitive to clients' backgrounds and cultural norms.
Although the client may not have any values in common with other Asian individuals, it is worthwhile for
the counselor to _______________ to guide the direction as he or she assists the client. - correct answer
✔✔Explore the client's personal values
______________ counseling is often appealing to multicultural clients because of the strong focus on
family dynamics and, for some, the formality of the therapist which may appeal to the client's
expectation of professional distance. - correct answer ✔✔Psychoanalytical
_____________ also emphasizes conceptual relativity and a lack of assumption, which may appeal to
multicultural clients as well.
While some multicultural clients have childhood trauma, this certainly does not apply to all or even most
of these clients. - correct answer ✔✔Psychoanalysis
______________ was a Swiss psychologist and developmental theorist known for his theory of cognitive
development.
His theory is based on the belief that children learn best through interactions with others, and it breaks
down human development into sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, and formal
operational stages. - correct answer ✔✔Jean Piaget
Jean Piaget Human Development Stages [4] - correct answer ✔✔1. Sensorimotor
2. Preoperational
3. Concrete Operational
4. Formal Operational Stages.
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