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KELLER CHEM 1100 EXAM 1 QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS
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KELLER CHEM 1100 EXAM 1 QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS
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KELLER CHEM 1100 EXAM 1QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS
ozone or O3 - ANSWER- -is more reactive than O2
-colorless
-sharp electrical odor
-secondary pollutant(not directly emitted fro certain sources like volcanoes and wildfires)
that causes lung damage because it breaks down the proteins in the lining of the lungs
-element
- formed by electrical discharge in oxygen. It acts as a strong oxidizing agent and is
used in water purification. Although considered a pollutant in the lower atmosphere
where it is present in very small quantities, it forms a protective ozone layer in the upper
atmosphere.
ozone pt 2 - ANSWER- ozone is at its peak when sunlight is the strongest and in urban
areas with lots of primary pollutants
- ozone goes down at night because there isnt any more sunlight and its very reactive
so its reacting with everything
- needs NO and O2 and VOCS
to the greeks, air was... - ANSWER- air, fire, water, earth were all elements
VOC's - ANSWER- -volatile organic compounds
-primary pollutants from exhaust
-VOC+ OH(hydroxyradical)="A" then "A" +NO= NO2
-carbon-containing compounds that pass easily into the vapor phase
- they can smell
- they are bad when emitted in large quantities;like in presence of NO, which is
precursor of ozone and smog
organic compound - ANSWER- contains carbon
catalyst - ANSWER- a chemical substance that participates in a chemical reaction and
influences its rate without itself undergoing permanent changes
isomers - ANSWER- diff chem for the same element
ie: Carbon> graphite and diamond
combustion - ANSWER- fuel gets burned with the oxygen in air to make water and
carbon dioxide.
Particulate Matter - ANSWER- -(PM,soot, smoke, smog) air pollutant
, - tiny solid or liquid droplets with no definite chemical composition so its a mixture.
-PM2.5: is more harmful because it can pass through blood since its particles are
smaller in size
- 4 PM2.5 is in 1 PM10
- PM10 is the particulate matter that is less than 10 microns in diameter
sources of particulate matter - ANSWER- natural sources: wildfires, pollen,volcanic
eruptions, ocean spray, dust storms
anthropogenic (human sources): power plant, transportation, wood smoke
composition of particulate matter: - ANSWER- variable composition because wildfires
and exhaust tend to be carbon based. Volcanoes are sulfate based.
Nitrogen oxides (NO2 and NO) - ANSWER- a foul-smelling reddish brown gas,
produced primarily by the incomplete combustion of fuel, that contributes to smog and
acidic deposition
-precursor to acid rain because respond with water to make acid (nitric acid).
-NO2 is precursor to ozone
-NO is colorless and only occurs at high temp; from the oxygen and nitrogen in air.
Sulfur Oxides (SO2 and SO3) - ANSWER- Colorless gas with an irritating odor,
produces acid rain, causes breathing difficulties, and reduces the growth of many
plants; comes from burning coal, smelting metals, and paper manufacturing
-precursor to acid rain because respond with water to make acid (sulfuric acid).
binary compounds - ANSWER- contain 2 elements only
- such as potassium iodide (KI)
Greek prefixes for when there is more than one of a certain type of atomf - ANSWER-
1= mono
2= di
3= tri
4= tetra
5=penta
hydrocarbons (Mom Eats Peanut Butter) - ANSWER- CH4 methane
C2H6 ethane
C3H8 propane
C4H10 butane
Law of Conservation Mass - ANSWER- the number of atoms in the reactants equals the
number of atoms in the products
photosynthesis - ANSWER- 6CO2+6H2O>C6H12O6+6O2
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