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BIOE 206 EXAM 1 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
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BIOE 206 EXAM 1 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
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Name: Score:125 Multiple choice questions
Term 1 of 125
miRNA origin
dna with specific genes (insulin)
outside source (virus/scientist)
inside cell (from genome)
flood with primers (100millionx)
Term 2 of 125
What is translation?
Dna to rna
RNA to proteins
Rna to genes
Turing dna into rna
,Term 3 of 125
Steps in making plasmid
- RNA pol 1 = rRNA (nucleolus)
- RNA pol 2 = mRNA (nucleoplasm)
- RNA pol 3 = tRNA (nucleolus)
- mt RNA pol = mitochondrial RNA
1. type of retrovirus that can infect dividing and non-dividing cells
2. can change expression for 6 months
3. for differentiated cells
4. cannot infect G0 cells bc RT wont work
1. take mRNA from sample
2. create cDNA
3. fluorescently label with color (green/red)
4. combine in equal amounts on chip
5. can tell up/down regulation
1. cut both vector and gene of interest with same restriction enzymes (makes sticky ends)
2. ligate the gene of interest into the vector
Term 4 of 125
How do we treat HIV?
antiviral drugs
drug cocktails
topical azole drugs
antibiotics
,Term 5 of 125
How did Carl Woese discover archaea?
They inhibit bacterial ribosomes from reading the codons correctly and can block
recycling of ribosomes.
He analyzed the cell wall compositions and discovered that the archaea and bacteria
had similar compositions.
He analyzed the RNA sequences from ribosomes and discovered that the archaea and
bacteria had very different sequences.
Eukaryotes have transcription in nucleus and process the rna before being sent out to
cytoplasm (splicing and 5' cap and polya tail). prokaryotes can have transcription and
translation occur at the same time.
Term 6 of 125
FISH steps
1. denature DNA
2. anneal primers
3. elongate DNA
1. take mRNA from sample
2. create cDNA
3. fluorescently label with color (green/red)
4. combine in equal amounts on chip
5. can tell up/down regulation
1. make cDNA from RNA
2. amplify via PCR
3. quantify via Sybr green or taqman probe
1. make probe ssDNA (complementary with DNA of interest) with fluorescence tags
2. denature probe and target DNA
3. wash target with probes and allow to hybridize
4. visualize
, Term 7 of 125
For large fragments of DNA, do you want a high or low agarose concentration?
Eukaryotes have transcription in nucleus and process the rna before being sent out to
cytoplasm (splicing and 5' cap and polya tail). prokaryotes can have transcription and
translation occur at the same time.
Rflp (restriction fragment length polymorphism - variable lengths of dna after restriction
digest)
str (short tandem repeat - everyone has somewhere where there are lots of repeats, can
compare number of repeats)
mitochondrial dna analysis (maternal lineage)
y chromosome analysis (paternal lineage)
High. this will allow for better visualization of the small fragments. (1.5%)
Low. This will allow the large fragments to move farther apart and it will be easier to
visualize them (.7%)
Term 8 of 125
DNA stabilization
- base stacking
- spine of hydration
- H bonding
- ionic interactions (salt)
It targets active strands of HIV. This is why the "shock and kill" method is used
Single stranded, can have secondary structures (hairpins, stem loops) and tertiary
structures (pseudoknot). Can act as catalyst (rRNA)
origin of replication - allows whole plasmid to be replicated
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