NURS 221 EXAM 4 Liberty University - Question and answers already passed 2024/2025 NURS 221 EXAM 4
how much of the body's water is located in the intracellular fluid
2/3
how much of the body's fluid is located in the extracellular fluid
1/3
what age group is at risk for fluid imbala...
NURS 221 EXAM 4
how much of the body's water is located in the intracellular fluid
2/3
how much of the body's fluid is located in the extracellular fluid
1/3
what age group is at risk for fluid imbalances
the old and children
what are signs and symptoms of dehydration
dry skin
dry mucous membranes
no urinary output
lethargy in children (sunken eyes)
crying with no tears
what are signs and symptoms of overhyderation
edema
SOB
wheezing
,weight gain
what role does the posterior pituitary gland play in regulating fluid balance
releases antidiuretic hormone (ADH) which increases water retention
what role does the adrenal cortex play in fluid balance
regulates sodium by releasing aldosterone
aldosterone increase Na+ and H2O retention
what receptors are responsible for sensing fluid imbalances
osmoreceptors
when a person feels thirst, what are the primary factors involved in regulation
of water balance
ADH and perception of thirst
what medications can impact fluid balance
OTC and herbal
prescription meds (ACEI, ARB, diuretics
, what is the normal level for sodium
around 136-145
what are signs and symptoms of hypernatremia
confusion
irritability
lethargy
stupor
coma
muscle twitching
seizures
what are treatments for hypernatremia
isotonic iv fluids until Na is normalized
diuretics to get rid of extra Na
what is the most common cause of hypernatremia
deficit of total body water ie dehydration
what are causes of hyponatremia
due to excess fluiod in the body as opposed to Na
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