ISQS 2340 Exam 3 Verified Guide - In quantum computing, "A" is represented as the combination of numbers ️. - When the woman explains to the teenager, she uses the giant penny analogy, referring to the property
of quantum computing known as ️superposition. - "Entanglement" is described as ️...
ISQS 2340 Exam 3 Verified Guide
- In quantum computing, "A" is represented as the combination of numbers ✔️01000001.
- When the woman explains to the teenager, she uses the giant penny analogy, referring to the property
of quantum computing known as ✔️superposition.
- "Entanglement" is described as ✔️taking two independent occurrences and creating a scenario where
one mimics the other. It is challenging to undo an entanglement, and even when tested simultaneously,
the two occurrences remain perfectly correlated.
- The name the woman gives the machine when talking to the teenager is ✔️dilution refrigerator.
- The dilution refrigerator is ✔️a device that cools quantum chips to extremely low temperatures to
create superposition and entanglement through qubits without losing the information to the
environment.
- One of the uses of quantum computers she mentions is ✔️simulating chemical bonding.
- The "levels" of a quantum computer function in such a way that ✔️the temperatures decrease as you
go from top to bottom.
- In quantum computing, "room temperature" is ✔️300 Kelvin.
- At the bottom of the dilution fridge, quantum chips reach a temperature of ✔️10 millikelvin.
- The third quantum property introduced while speaking to the undergrad is ✔️interference.
- The two types of interference are ✔️1. constructive (wave amplitudes that *add* together to increase
the signal) and 2. destructive (wave amplitudes that cancel out the original amplitudes).
,- In quantum computing, interference allows for ✔️manipulation of quantum states to *amplify*
signals yielding correct answers (constructive) and *cancel* signals that lead to incorrect answers
(destructive).
- The first step in constructing a quantum computer is ✔️having a physical device that can be put into
states of superposition, entanglement, and interference, known as *"qubits"* or *"quantum bits."*
- The woman refers to the device that can support and manipulate a quantum state as
✔️"superconducting qubits."
- She explains to the undergrad that a scenario difficult for classical computers but easier for quantum
computers is ✔️simulating natural systems.
- Qubits are coded using ✔️microwave pulses of different frequencies and durations to place them into
specific states of quantum computation.
- The two primary classes of quantum algorithms discussed with the grad student are ✔️1. factoring
algorithms and 2. search algorithms.
- When discussing the algorithms with the grad student, the woman states, "The key is to come up with
algorithms where the result is __________________." ✔️deterministic.
- Quantum computers need ✔️fault tolerance to effectively process search and factoring algorithms,
which is still not fully available.
- The grad student is informed that there are currently ✔️around 50 error-corrected qubits available.
- The woman encourages the grad student to become involved in quantum computing by ✔️going out,
experimenting, and contemplating possible applications.
- The professional articulates that the ultimate goal for quantum computer scientists is to ✔️"build a
nearly perfect computer out of a whole bunch of imperfect parts."
, - The professional identifies ✔️decoherence as "THE challenge" that frustrates many in the field of
quantum computing.
- "Decoherence" in quantum computation refers to ✔️the limitation of maintaining quantum
information for a limited time (constraining the number of operations before the information is lost).
- The woman and the professional concur that to progress toward fully fault-tolerant quantum
computers, there is a need to ✔️develop various layers of abstraction, allowing programmers to
engage at the "ground level."
- According to the reading material, quantum computing represents ✔️a fundamental shift in the way
machines process data.
- The four benefits of quantum computing are ✔️1. database processing, 2. security, 3. running
simulations, and 4. applications in artificial intelligence.
- The most discussed application area for quantum computing is in the ✔️medical sector, specifically
for enhancing our understanding of the human body and developing new drugs.
- The reading material states that we are currently in the ✔️Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum devices
era (NISQ).
- The reading identifies the nine largest business applications of quantum computers as ✔️1. finance, 2.
insurance, 3. energy sector, 4. transportation, 5. logistics, 6. automotive and aerospace, 7. chemicals and
pharma, 8. materials, and 9. blockchain and cybersecurity.
- The fundamental concepts of quantum computing outlined in the lecture are ✔️-superposition, -
entanglement, and -error rates leading to decoherence.
- The primary function of superposition in quantum computing is ✔️to evaluate every potential
solution of a problem at once.
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