BIOD171 Microbiology EXAM
QUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED
CORRECT ANSWERS || GRADED A+
<UPDATED>
While visiting his grandparents, a 10-year-old child has green beans for
dinner that were harvested from his grandparents' garden and canned the
previous year. Severe illness sets in...
While visiting his grandparents, a 10-year-old child has green beans for
dinner that were harvested from his grandparents' garden and canned the
previous year. Severe illness sets in and the child is taken to the hospital.
Botulism is suspected, but what form - foodborne, infant, or wound
botulism?
Explain why it would NOT be classified as the other two options. -
ANSWER ✔ Foodborne botulism. The child is too old (> 6 months) to
be considered for infant botulism and wounds were not present. The
green beans were likely improperly canned and under the low-acidic,
anaerobic conditions, bacterial growth was encouraged.
True or False. There are currently no cures for tetanus. - ANSWER ✔
True; Although the symptoms can be treated it is only to manage the
discomfort not to cure.
Identify the medical condition characterized by robust carbohydrate
fermentation, swelling of the infected areas, and fever. Explain why
hyperbaric oxygen therapy is a possible treatment. - ANSWER ✔ Gas
gangrene, because C. perfringens is an anaerobic bacteria
Why does the alpha toxin (perfringolysin) produced during an infection
of gas gangrene cause cell death? - ANSWER ✔ The toxin perforates
,the membrane. It forms pores in the plasma membrane of host cells
resulting in uncontrolled ion fluxes and eventually cell lysis and death.
You develop a fever, chills, and pneumonia after recently using a warm
midst vaporizer in an attempt to open your sinuses. What bacterial
disease would a doctor suspect is causing your symptoms? Would the
doctor suspect you contracted it from touching (potentially)
contaminated doorknobs? - ANSWER ✔ Legionnaires. No—legionella
cannot be spread simply by direct contact between people. Legionella
can only be transmitted through droplets small enough to be breathed in.
True or False. Pneumonic plague is often characterized by painfully
swollen lymph nodes. - ANSWER ✔ False; Pneumonic plague targets
the respiratory system while bubonic targets the lymph system.
Which form of the plague is highly virulent? What does it target? -
ANSWER ✔ Pneumonic plague is highly virulent and targets the
respiratory (lungs) system.
Identify the following disease: - ANSWER ✔ Anthrax—the distinct
black center at the site of infection is a hallmark of anthrax infection.
Syphilis is caused by: - ANSWER ✔ Gram-Negative spirochete
True or False. Chlyamida is an obligate parasite and as such can be
grown on agar plates alone. - ANSWER ✔ False; An obligate parasite
requires a host (viable cells) to be present for its growth.
Match the following diseases with their respective symptoms if left
untreated:
1. Gonorrhea
2. syphilis
3. chlamydia
,A. Paralysis, blindness and dementia
B. Painfully swollen lymph nodes
C. Cardiac and neurological complications
D. Respiratory failure associated with lock-jaw
E. Infertility and pelvic inflammatory disease.
F. Sore throat, ocular discharge and fever - ANSWER ✔ 1. Gonorrhea -
Cardiac and neurological complications
2. syphilis- A. Paralysis, blindness and dementia
3. chlamydia- E. Infertility and pelvic inflammatory disease.
- can provide detailed images of live cells without staining
- by using specialized condensers & objectives, amplifies the slight
differences between cells and the surrounding medium (background) to
make the cells highly distinguishable
- can be used to visualize cell movements (motility), such as swimming
or gliding, without altering the cell morphology commonly brought
about from treating the cells with a fixing agent
Note: although able to see the cell in great detail, scientists often still use
organelle specific dyes to highlight a particular region of the cell. ie:
although the cell membrane, nucleus, and other organelles are readily
apparent, a researcher interested in the trans-Golgi (TGN) region may
still add a dye that specifically binds within the TGN just to make it
more prominent in the final acquired image
, phase contrast microscope - ANSWER ✔ noticeable detail & depth
achieved whereas it would normally be invisible
dark field microscope - ANSWER ✔ - used to greatly increase contrast
between specimen & background, resulting in a dark background w/
bright objects in it
Scanning transmission electron holography microscopes (STEHM) -
ANSWER ✔ also uses electron beam but. coupled w/ holography
technique to study surfaces of proteins and subcellular structures
has the capacity to magnify subatomic structure ip to 20million time
larger than what can be view w the naked eye
while EM can resolve 1nm, STEHM has capacity ro resolve 35 pm
(picometer is trillionth of a meter or 10^-12)
picometer - ANSWER ✔ one trillionth of a meter 10^-12
nanometer - ANSWER ✔ one billionth of a meter 10^-9
micrometer - ANSWER ✔ one millionth of a meter 10^-6
stains - ANSWER ✔ can be used to examine - tissues (muscle or
connective)
- specific types of cells (blood, bacterial, etc.)
- even organelles within an individual cell (nucleus, ER, etc.)
we will focus on both prokaryotic and eukaryotic microorganisms, their
identifying traits, and the associated clinical implications - ANSWER ✔
stains - ANSWER ✔ are salts, which break down positively &
negatively charges ions
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