Pediatric Nursing- GU Disorders Test Questions and Correct Answers
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Course
GU Peds
Institution
GU Peds
Renal development Born with all nephrons
Kidney develops untli 5 y/o, full size and efficiency at adolescence
Reach maturity at 2 yrs
Bladder development 20-50ml capacity at birth 700 ml capacity as adult Nerves for bladder control not fully developed until 2 yrs
Physiological issues with kidne...
Pediatric Nursing- GU Disorders Test
Questions and Correct Answers
Renal development ✅Born with all nephrons
Kidney develops untli 5 y/o, full size and efficiency at adolescence
Reach maturity at 2 yrs
Bladder development ✅20-50ml capacity at birth
700 ml capacity as adult
Nerves for bladder control not fully developed until 2 yrs
Physiological issues with kidneys in children ✅Don't reach maturity for 2 yrs
Large in proportion to abdomen, not protected with fat adequately
Slower renal blood flow
Poor absorption of amino acids and poor urine concentration abilities (risk for
dehydration)
Average urine output of infant ✅2-3 ml/kg/hr
Average urine output of toddler/preschooler ✅2 ml/kg/hr
Average urine output of school aged child ✅1-2 ml/kg/hr
Average urine output of adolescent ✅0.5-1 ml/kg/hr
Intravenous Pyelogram ✅Contrast media, excreted through kidneys.
Pt feels warmth.
NPO for test, need IV access.
Don't use the word "dye" with kids, sounds like "die"
Voiding cystourethrogram (VCUG) ✅Contrast media put into bladder through catheter,
x ray before, during, after void
Cystoscopy ✅Done under anesthesia, direct bladder visualization
, NPO for it, assess ability to void after
Renal scan ✅Radioactive IV agent collects in kidneys, scanned
Urinary tract infections ✅2-6 peak incidence, girls > boys
Boys more likely to have anatomic abnormality
Most common bacteria causing UTI ✅E. Coli
Rarely klebsiella, staph aureus, pseudomonus
UTIs manifestations in neonate ✅Jaundice, fever, poor feeding, dehydration, frequent
urination, can cause sepsis
UTI manifestation in infant ✅Poor feeding, vomiting, strong smelling urine, persistent
diaper rash
Diagnostic red flags for UTI ✅Incontinence in toilet trained child
Strong smelling urine
Frequent urge to void
Normal urinalysis ✅pH 5-9
Specific gravity 1.003-1.030
Protein: < 20 mg/dl
Urobilinogen <1 mg/dl
No glucose, ketones, blood products, nitrites
Vesicoureteral reflux ✅Backflow of urine
Associated with UTI
70% resolve on their own
Risk for kidney damage/pyelonephrytis
Primary cause of VUR ✅Structural defect
Secondary cause of VUR ✅Infection (UTI, cystitis)
Bladder outlet obstruction, neurogenic bladder, detrusor instability
5 Point grading system of VUR depends on how far urine backflows ✅Grade I: 1/2 way
up ureter
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