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Exam (elaborations)

HEREDITY AND GENETICS QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

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  • Course
  • Genetics
  • Institution
  • Genetics

Heredity and Genetics

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  • September 23, 2024
  • 21
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers
  • Genetics
  • Genetics
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20 Multiple choice questions

Term 1 of 20
Complex diseases are caused by imperfections in multiple genes.

True

False

Term 2 of 20
Gene therapy is a commonly used process whereby normal genes are injected to replace
abnormal genes.

True

False

Term 3 of 20
Most genetic diseases cannot be cured, but they usually can be treated.

True

False

Term 4 of 20
Explain the causes and symptoms of sickle cell anemia.

Female eggs only have the X (female) chromosomes, while the male sperm cells have
both the X and Y (male) chromosomes. If the X from the male and X from the female
unite, then the child will be female. If the Y from the male and X from the female unite,
then the child will be male.

single-gene and chromosomal


Sickle cell anemia is caused by the red blood cells' inability to properly form
hemoglobin. The result is an inability to transfer oxygen and blood throughout the body.


As the name suggests, the traits controlled by dominant genes are more likely to appear
in our children. Recessive genes will only have an effect when the corresponding
dominant gene isn't present.

,Term 5 of 20
Which of the following are types of hereditary disorders?

single-gene and duplex


single-gene and chromosomal

encode a protein


complex and duplex

Term 6 of 20
Describe the chromosomes needed for an embryo to become a female and those needed for
an embryo to become a male.

Female eggs only have the X (female) chromosomes, while the male sperm cells have
both the X and Y (male) chromosomes. If the X from the male and X from the female
unite, then the child will be female. If the Y from the male and X from the female unite,
then the child will be male.


As the name suggests, the traits controlled by dominant genes are more likely to appear
in our children. Recessive genes will only have an effect when the corresponding
dominant gene isn't present.

Genetic counselors are important because they help families to identify the probability
of developing or transmitting a hereditary disease. In addition, they can provide
information about appropriate genetic testing to help in the decision-making process.
Finally, they provide support throughout the genetic testing process.

Sickle cell anemia is caused by the red blood cells' inability to properly form
hemoglobin. The result is an inability to transfer oxygen and blood throughout the body.

Term 7 of 20
Genetic research and testing includes __________.

analyzing historical genetic data

the Human Genome Project, gene therapy, genetically engineering drugs

only studying animal genetics

focusing solely on hereditary diseases

, Term 8 of 20
Complex genetic diseases are different from single-gene diseases because they __________.

are inherited from a single parent


are caused by mutations to multiple genes

are always visible in physical traits

result from environmental factors only

Term 9 of 20
The normal function of a gene is to __________.

regulate blood sugar levels


encode a protein

store energy for the cell

protect against infections

Term 10 of 20
The Human Genome Project __________.

started in the 1990s

was funded by private companies only

was completed in 2003

is still ongoing today

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