NURS ADN 5 - GI/GU Practice Questions and Correct Answers
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Course
GU Peds
Institution
GU Peds
When is the GI system fully mature? 2 years
A newborn's stomach is approximately ___ - ___ mL and increases to ____ mL by several months of age. 10-42 ; 200 mL
In a child, pancreatic enzymes reach adult level by age ___ 2 years
Why are children at an increased risk for fluid loss? Infants and ch...
NURS ADN 5 - GI/GU Practice Questions
and Correct Answers
When is the GI system fully mature? ✅2 years
A newborn's stomach is approximately ___ - ___ mL and increases to ____ mL by
several months of age. ✅10-42 ; 200 mL
In a child, pancreatic enzymes reach adult level by age ___ ✅2 years
Why are children at an increased risk for fluid loss? ✅Infants and children have greater
fluid requirements due to a higher metabolic rate. They also have a larger total body
water content and higher body surface area to weight ratio.
The _________ is not fully developed until age, causing regurgitation/reflux. ✅lower
esophageal sphincter (LES)
In which order should you perform a physical assessment of the abdomen (GI/GU)
✅inspect, auscultate, percuss, palpate
What is the preferred method of rehydration? ✅oral is preferred if well tolerated
What is a Small Bowel Series test and what is its purpose? ✅A small bowel series is
an x-ray examination of the small intestine that uses a special form of x-ray called
fluoroscopy and an orally ingested contrast material called barium.
Fluoroscopy makes it possible to see internal organs in motion. When the small bowel is
coated with barium, the radiologist is able to view and assess the anatomy and function
of it. In the small bowel series, x-rays are taken at timed increments, to see the barium
as it moves through the small bowel.
Steps of ostomy care ✅Remember "STOMA"
S- set up equipment (warm, wet washcloths, clean pouch and clamp, skin barrier
powder/paste, pencil or pen, scissors, pattern to measure stoma size)
T- take off the pouch
O- observe the stoma and surrounding skin. clean stoma & skin as needed allowing it to
dry thoroughly
M- measure the stoma, mark the new pouch backing and cut it to size
A- apply the new pouch
What is the most common congenital craniofacial anomaly? ✅cleft lip or cleft palate
, When does the development of a cleft lip and palate occur? ✅in the first trimester of
pregnancy
What are risk factors for cleft lip and palate? ✅maternal diabetes, maternal obesity,
smoking/drinking alcohol during pregnancy, certain medications including some
anticonvulsants
can also have a genetic/hereditary cause
What are some potential complications of a cleft lip and palate? ✅difficulty feeding,
altered dentition, delayed/altered speech development, otitis media, aspiration
At what age is a cleft lip usually repaired? At what age is a cleft palate usually repaired?
✅cleft lip - 2-3 months
cleft palate - 6-9 months
What is Meckel's diverticulum? ✅an incomplete fusion of the omphalomesenteric duct
during embryonic development
Signs and symptoms of Meckel's diverticulum? ✅blood or mucus in stools
severe, colicky abdominal pain
A __________ occurs when the processus vaginalis fails to close completely during
embryonal development and abdominal or pelvic viscera travel through internal inguinal
ring into the inguinal canal ✅inguinal hernia
Potential complication of inguinal hernia ✅incarceration and subsequent bowel
strangulation
An incomplete closure of the umbilical ring allowing intestinal contents to herniate
through the opening is known as a(n) _____________ ✅umbilical hernia
Spontaneous closure of an umbilical hernia usually occurs by age _____ ✅4 years
surgical correction if large or failure to close
What are some common risk factors for dehydration in infants and children?
✅diarrhea, vomiting, decreased oral intake, sustained high fever, diabetic
ketoacidosis, extensive burns
What type of liquids are not appropriate for oral rehydration? ✅tap water, milk,
undiluted fruit juice, soup, broth
A child with mild to moderate dehydration requires _____ mL/kg of oral rehydration
solutions over ____ hours. ✅50-100 mL/kg, 4 hours
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