Exam (elaborations)
WGU CASAL II 2024: Questions & Proper Solutions
- Course
- Institution
WGU CASAL II 2024: Questions & Proper Solutions
[Show more]
Content preview
WGU CASAL II 2024: Questions & Proper SolutionsAortic artery disease (aneurysms) Right Ans - M:ACE inhibitors,
angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs), and/or beta blockers (hypertension)
macrolides and tetracyclines (secondary infect)
A: meds, bedrest w/ flat legs, reduce stress
A: neuro, vitals, pain, pulse, skin, temp, sensation or motor response, abd palp
and auscultate gently.
R:
P: middle layer (media) of the artery is weakened, producing a stretching
effect in the inner layer (intima) and outer layers of the artery
L:
O: saccular 1 side, fusiform- segment, false- leakage
T: regular screenin g and when to call, follow strict reg: Compliance with
medications, Stress reduction, Following diagnostic testing and screening
recommendations, Obtaining regular ultrasounds to measure the aneurysm's
growth
T: CT w/ contrast, TTE, Cardiac MRI, ECG (rule out MI)
T: endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR), resection and repair
(aneurysmectomy)
S: often asymptomatic. chest, back, or flank pain. palatable in abd. Dsypnea
cough, hoarsenss of voice. cyanosis blood clots, abd throbbing, pain, HF.
Diaphoresis, nausea, vomiting, faintness, and tachycardia, tearing/ripping.
Coronary artery disease Right Ans - M: Betas blockers, Statin, Calcium,
asprin, Nitroglycerin, antiplatelets, ASA
A: oxygen, EEG.
A: drug use, pain, temp, hyper/hypotension, labs:
R: Smoking, hyper lipid/tension, dm2, obesity, stress, alcohol, gender, race,
DM1, age 65, hereditary.
P: arteries narrowed or blocked by plaque formation.
L: CK-MB troponin, BUN, Creatinine, Calcium, Lipids, Magnesium, Potassium.
O:
T: meds, Nitro, lower risks, when to call EMS
T: stress test, coronary angiography
T: Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty, meds, diet and exercise.
S: shoulder, jaw pain, nausea/vomiting, diaphoresis, syncope, sob. heart
attack.
,Infectious heart disease Right Ans - M: antibiotics
A: administer antibiotics, refer to addiction counseling
A: drugs, vitals, heart sounds, skin assessment.
R: Age 60, immunodeficiency, prosthetic heart valves, endocarditis, congenital
heart disease, IV drugs.
P: Infection in heart> no bacterial thrombotic endocardial lesion> vegetation.
L: blood cultures.
O:
T: good oral hygine
T: ECG (TTE, TEE),
T: IV treatment 4-6 weeks. Surgery- Valve replacement or repair.
S: Fever, Petechiae, Fatigue, Confusion, Rigor.
Pericarditis Right Ans - M: NSAIDS, antimicrobial possibly
A: head of bed up, med reg, emotional support.
A: vitals, pain, heart sounds, ecg
R: microorganisms, renal failure, cardiac surg, aortic dissection, MI, trauma,
cancer.
P: Inflamed Peeicardium
L: serial cardiac enzymes, WBC count.
O: complications pericardiocentesis, 5 categories: inflammatory neoplastic
degenerative vascular and idiopathic.
T: meds reg, pleural pain
T: x-ray, TTE, CT, MRI, ECG wide ST.
T: nsaids, antimicrobials
S: Fever, Orthopnea, Diaphoresis, Pericardial Effusion, Pleuritic pain, ECG- ST
segment elevations.
Valvular disease Right Ans - M: beta blocker, calc chanel block, diuretics,
antimicrobial,
A: meds, fluid restrictions
A: vitals, irreg hr, cardiac output, breath sounds, activity tolerance, heart
sounds, monitor INR,l.
R: IE, Congenital defects, degenerative changes.
P: stenosis, regurgitation, prolapse.
L: n/a
O:
T: meds reg, antimicrobial treatment, anticoag, leefy greens.
T: ECG, EEG, X-RAY, Stress test, catheter.
, T: surgery, balloon valvuloplasty, commissurotomy, and mitral valve
annuloplasty.
S: SOB, angina, syncope, dysrhythmia, palpation, dizzy, fatigue, weight gain.
Heart Failure Right Ans - M: beta blockers, aldosterone agonists, diuretics,
cardiac glycosides, arterial vasodilator, angiotensin blockers/inhibitors.
A: meds reg, fluid restrictions, oxygen, daily weight.
A: vital, breath sounds, oxygen sat, irregular hr, CO probs, dry cough, activity
tolerance, urine output, lab data, mood, social support.
R: CAD, Hypertension/lipidemia, DM, obesity, alcohol, smoking, sodium.
P: cell dysfunction
L: cardiac enzymes, serum electrolytes, cbc, urinalysis, lipid profile, liver
function, serum electrolytes.
O:
T: med reg, rest& activity periods, low salt, reg weight, symptoms checklist.
T: x-ray, EEG, ecg, nuclear imaging
T: meds
S: R side: jugular vein distention, generalized edema, hepatomegaly, ascites. L
side: sob, crackles, fatigue, CO prob.
Stages of Heart Failure Right Ans - Class I: Client exhibits no symptoms
with activity.
Class II: Client has symptoms with ordinary exertion.
Class III: Client displays symptoms with minimal exertion
Class IV: Client has symptoms at rest.
ECG Right Ans - Electrocardiography, 10 leads placed on chest to identify
dysrhythmias, new or old heart muscle damage, electrolyte abnormalities,
and/or cardiac hypertrophy.
Note Heart Rate, Rhythm and Response. on strips.
Echocardiography Right Ans - transthoracic echocardiogram (TTE) and a
transesophageal echocardiogram (TEE). ultrasound.
NPO 8 hours, assess vitals pre and post.
Cardiac catheterization Right Ans - Evaluate cardiac filling pressures, CO,
and valvular function.
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller LeCrae. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $23.49. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
76462 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now