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Exam (elaborations)

ECU Biology 1100 Final Exam Questions and Answers

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  • Course
  • ECU BIO 1100
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  • ECU BIO 1100

The Calvin Cycle 3 Steps 1. Carbon Fixation 2. Reduction 3. Regeneration Carbon Fixation Turns 3 times, Involves the incorporation of CO2 molecules into RuBP using the enzyme RUBSICO, this produces 2 3-phosphoglycerate molecules Reduction Reduction and phosphorylation of 3-Phosphoglycerate to G3P...

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  • September 23, 2024
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  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers
  • ECU BIO 1100
  • ECU BIO 1100
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ECU Biology 1100 Final Exam Questions
and Answers
The Calvin Cycle 3 Steps ✅1. Carbon Fixation 2. Reduction 3. Regeneration

Carbon Fixation ✅Turns 3 times, Involves the incorporation of CO2 molecules into
RuBP using the enzyme RUBSICO, this produces 2 3-phosphoglycerate molecules

Reduction ✅Reduction and phosphorylation of 3-Phosphoglycerate to G3P, 6 ATP and
6 NADPH produce 6 G3P molecules *ONLY 1 G3P molecule

Regeneration ✅Using the 5 remaining G3P to regenerate the CO2 and RuBP (uses 3
more ATP)

Where does the Calvin Cycle take place? ✅Stroma

C3 Plants (Normal Plants) ✅Forms a 3 carbon compound in the carbon fixation stage,
Photorespiration occurs: Rubisco adds O2 instead of CO2.. which produces a two
carbon compound, Photorespiration decreases photosynthetic output by consuming
ATP, O2, and organic fuel

Photorespiration ✅Rubisco adds O2 instead of CO2, which limits the damage the
excess light reactions that would build up without the Calvin Cycle

C4 Plants ✅incorporates CO2 as a 4 carbon compound, where CO2 is released and
O2 stays inside the plant

CAM Plants ✅Open the stomata at night incorporating CO2 into organic acids and
releases the other molecules O2, and close it during the day where the actual carbon
cycle occurs using the CO2.

CAM vs C4 Plants ✅Both carbon fixations occur in two separate cells, the only
difference is that CAM Plants go through this process at different times of the day

Cell Division (General) ✅The ability of an organism to produce more of their cells, this
distinguishes between nonliving and living organisms

Chromatin ✅DNA + Histone Protein

Somatic Cell ✅Non-reproductive cells, have two sets of chromosomes (46) diploid

Gametes ✅Reproductive cells, Have one set of chromosomes (23) haploid

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