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NUR 5334 EXAM 3 2024/ ACTUAL EXAM WITH 100% CORRECT ANSWERS/ NUR 5334 ADVANCED PHARMACOLOGY EXAM /ALREADY GRADED A+: UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS$18.49
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NUR 5334 EXAM 3 2024/ ACTUAL EXAM WITH 100%
CORRECT ANSWERS/ NUR 5334 ADVANCED
PHARMACOLOGY EXAM 3 2024-2025/ALREADY
GRADED A+: UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS
What medications are used to treat gestational diabetes?
ANSWER :->>>Metformin and Insulin
1. What A1C value indicates diabetes mellitus? Pre-DM?
ANSWER :->>>6.5% or greater is considered
diabetes5.7-6.4% pre- diabetes
2. What fasting and random values indicate DM?
ANSWER :->>>Fasting plasma glucose—126 or greater is diabetes
Random (casual) plasma glucose—anything greater than 200 is diabetes
3. What are complications of insulin therapy?
ANSWER :->>>Hypoglycemia
Can develop lipohypertrophy
Accumulation of subcutaneous fat that occurs when it is injected too frequently atthe samesite
ANSWER :->>>Allergic reactions
Characterized by red and intensely itchy welts, breathing becomesdifficult If
severe allergy develops:
-Desensitization procedure (small doses to larger doses)Hypokalemia
Promotes the uptake of potassium cells and insulin activates a membrane-bound enzyme with sodiumpotassium
and ATPase that pumps potassium into the cells and sodium out
,4. Drug interactions?
ANSWER :->>>Hypoglycemic agents
Can intensify the hypoglycemia included by insulin
Examples: sulfonylureas, glinides, alcohol
Use with caution
with hyperglycemic agents
Examples: thiazide and glucocorticoids and sympathomimetics
5. What effect do beta blockers have on insulin?
▪ ANSWER :->>>delay awareness of and response to hypoglycemia by masking the signs that areassociated
withstimulation of sympathetic nervous system
▪ Impair glycogenolysis
▪ Prevent the bodies counter-regulatory response
6. What are other therapeutic uses besides DM?
□ ANSWER :->>>Hyperkalemia
□ Aids in diagnosis of GH deficiency
□ Diabetic ketoacidosis
7. Insulin dosage must be coordinated with what?
ANSWER :->>>Carbohydrate intake
8. What is B/P goal in diabetic?
ANSWER :->>>To be controlled, within normal 120/80
9. What medication can be given to decrease risk of diabetic nephropathy?
ANSWER :->>>ACE inhibitor or ARB
,10. What role does exercise play in treatment of both type 1 and type 2 DM?
ANSWER :->>>Exercise increases cellular responsiveness to insulin and increases
glucosetolerance 150 minute per week of moderate intensity exercise is
recommended
11. What are the 4 steps in the 4-step approach?
ANSWER :->>>Step 1—diagnosis
□ Lifestyle changes plus metforminStep 2
□ Lifestyle changes plus metformin and a second drug (sulfonylurea, TZD or a DPP4 inhibitor, a sodium
glucose cotransporter or SGLT-2 inhibitor, a glucagon-like peptide 1, or a GLP-1 receptor agonist or
basal insulin
□ Second drug choice made considering efficacy, the hypoglycemia risk of the patient, the patienttolerability, and
weight-related considerations (some helpweight loss, some cause weight gain),cost
Step 3
□ Three drug combination
□ Metformin
□ Plus 2 other medications from step 2
Decided based on a drug and patient specific considerationsStep 4
□ If 3 drug combination that includes basal insulin fails after 3-6 months, morecomplex insulin regimen
□ Usually in combination with one or more non-insulin medications
12. When a patient is on insulin therapy what are the blood glucose goals beforemeals? At bedtime?
, 13. What is the A1C goal? When is goal below 7 not appropriate?
□ ANSWER :->>>7% or below
□ Those with severe hypoglycemia risk, limited life expectancy, advanced microvascular ormacro
vascular complications—not below 7
14. What are the short acting insulins? Intermediate? Long acting?
□ ANSWER :->>>Administered in association with meals to control the post-prandial rise in bloodglucose
betweenmeals and at night
16. When are intermediate insulins needed?
□ Administer 2-3 times daily to provide glycemic control between meals and duringthe night
17. How long is duration of glargine? Levemir? Degludec?
ANSWER :->>>Glargine—up to 24 hours
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