,PRECLINICAL DENTAL HYGIENE EXAM 1
QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
2024!!
Understand how infection control and preparation is important for both
clinician and patient safety. Answer - it is important so that health care
professionals and patients can be protected
Define standard precautions Answer - is a standard of care to protect health
care professionals and patients from pathogens spread by bodily fluids.
Identify what the acronym CDC stands for and give a basic explanation of the
agency's role. Answer - Center for Disease Control; helps protect nations and
foreign countries by tracking disease.
Discuss the infectious process, including the essential features for disease
transmission. Answer - - Infection Agent: bacteria, fungi, viruses, protozoa,
rickettsiae
- Reservoirs: people, equipment, instruments, dental unit water lines
- Port of Exit: body fluids, skin and mucous membranes, droplets and splatter
- Transmission: direct contact, indirect contact, coughing/sneezing
- Port of Entry: body fluids, skin and mucous membranes, droplets/splatter,
needle stick, inhalation
Discuss airborne infection; discriminate between aerosols and splatter and
discuss methods to prevent transmission. Answer - - Aerosols: a solid or liquid
particle containing infectious agents that may stay in air; range in size from 1-
100 um; small particles that are 10 um or smaller can be breathed deep into
lungs; larger particles can be coughed or sneezed out.
- Splatter: composed of particles greater than 50 um; heavier particles may
remain airborne for a short time because of size and weight; splatter may be
visible after landing on hair, skin, clothing, or surfaces; may come in contact
with eyes, nose or mouth.
Identify the mode of transmission and method(s) of prevention for the
following: Hepatitis A, B, C, D; herpes viruses; HIV; respiratory illnesses
including COVID19; and tuberculosis. Answer - - Hepatitis A: ingests food or
water of the infected person
- Hepatitis B: blood, saliva, all body fluids, sex. Contact, perinatal
- Hepatitis C: percutaneous exposure to blood/blood products, infected IV
needles
- Hepatitis D: confection with HBV, blood, sex. Contact, perinatal
- Herpes: saliva, direct contact (lip or hand), indirect contact (objects), sexual
contact.
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