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Understanding Nutrition Exam 1 Questions And Correct Answers
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Understanding Nutrition Exam 1 Questions AndCorrect Answers 2024-2025
Nutrition
a substance or supply of a material to nourish the body
Inorganic
not containing carbon or pertaining to living organisms
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Organic
A chemical or compound that includes carbon, carbon bonds, or carbonhydrogen
bonds.
Energy- yielding nutrients
The nutrients that undergo digestion and become metabolized to release energy the
body can use: carbohydrates, fat and protein.
calories
Unit be which energy is measured.
kilo calories
Food energy is measured by. 1000 calories = 1 kilocalorie. One kcal is the amount of
heat needed to increase the temperature of 1 kg of water 1 degree Centigrade.
Energy density
The energy value of a food relative to its weight (kcals per gram)
Carbohydrate
4 kcals of energy per gram
Fat
9 kcals of energy per gram
Protein
4 kcals of energy per gram
,Metabolism
The process by which nutrients are broken down to yield energy or used to make body
structures.
Vitamins
Organic, essential nutrients required in small amounts by the body for health.
Minerals
Inorganic materials, some minerals are essential nutrients required in small amounts by
the body for health.
Six classes of nutrients
Carbohydrates, lipids (fats), proteins, vitamins, minerals, and water.
Nutritional genomics
The science of how nutrients affect the activities of genes, and how genes effect the
interactions between diet and exercise.
Scientific method - Observation
Identify a problem to be solved or a specific question to be answered.
Scientific method - Hypothesis
An educated guess
Scientific method - Experiment
Design a study and conduct the research to collect data.
Experimental Group
This group receives the real treatment.
Control Group
This group receives a placebo.
Blind experiment
An experiment when the subjects do not know whether they are the experimental or
control group.
Double-blind experiment
An experiment when neither the subjects or the researchers know who is the
experimental or control group until experiment is over.
, Theory
A tentative explanation that integrates many findings to further understanding of topic.
Variables
Factors that can change.
Malnutrition
Any condition caused by excess or deficient food energy or nutrient intake or by an
imbalance of nutrients.
Nutrition Assessment
Nutritional status of an individual relating to health, socio-economic, drug and dietary
histories, anthropometrical measurements, physical examinations, and laboratory
analyses
Primary Deficiency
The shortage of a nutrient because of an dietary intake that is not adequate
Secondary Deficiency
A deficiency in a nutrient resulting from a cause other than intake. It is a result of
disease or interaction of drug that diminishes absorption, quickens use, hastens
excretion, or destroys nutrient (something that takes place inside the body)
Subclinical Deficiency
A deficiency in the early stages before the outward signs have appeared
Chronic Diseases
Diseases characterized by slow progression and long duration.
Risk Factor
Any action or condition that increases the chances of injury, disease or other negative
outcome
Adequacy
The diet provides all essential nutrients, fiber and energy in amounts sufficient to
maintain health.
Balance of a diet
Consuming enough but not too much of each type of food.
kCalorie Energy Control
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