D115 MASTER SET-ADVANCED
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY FOR THE
ADVANCED PRACTICE EXAM2024 QUIZ
WITH VERIFIED ANSWERS | LATEST
2024/2025
Which type of genetic disease affects males more
frequently than females? - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-Sex-Linked
recessive. Since males only have one X and one Y, if the
affected chromosome has the illness, it will be expressed.
In which two conditions are chromosomal abnormalities
the leading known cause? - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-Intellectual
disability and fetal miscarriage. Chromosome
abnormalities are the leading known cause of intellectual
disability and fetal miscarriage.
,What are three examples of prenatal diagnostic studies? -
✔✔ANSWER✔✔-Chorionic villus sampling (CVS),
amniocentesis, and preimplantation genetic testing (PGT)
are examples of prenatal diagnostic studies and are
performed in vitro. CVS is a form of genetic testing that
provides genetic information found in utero and is usually
performed between weeks 11 and 14 of pregnancy. An
amniocentesis is a form of genetic testing that evaluates
amniotic fluid and is usually performed during the second
trimester, between weeks 15 and 20 of pregnancy. PGT is
performed on the embryo prior to implantation.
Which genetic disorder is characterized by the presence of
a zygote having one chromosome with a normal
complement of genes and one chromosome with a
missing gene? - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-Cri du chat syndrome
(translated as "cry of the cat") is caused by a DNA
deletion. This term describes the cry often heard from a
baby affected by the syndrome. Cri du chat syndrome can
present as a microcephalic, low birth-weight baby with a
piercing cry.
How can an X-linked recessive disease skip generations?
- ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-The disease can be transmitted
through female carriers.
Since females have two copies of the X chromosome, the
mother may provide an unaffected X to a daughter or son.
Furthermore, a daughter may not show signs of the
,disease because she has the other X (the only X the
father can give to a female) to cancel it out.
Which type of risk is referred to as the ratio of the disease
rate among the entire population to the disease rate in an
unexposed population? - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-Relative risk is
a ratio of probability, not an actual occurrence of disease.
What are the empirical risks for most multifactorial
diseases based on? - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-Many factors from
lifestyle to genetics affect multifactorial diseases.
Observation and evaluation of each case individually
provides the most thorough and accurate assessment.
What refers to the silenced gene of a gene pair. -
✔✔ANSWER✔✔-The imprinted gene is the silent gene of
a gene pair.
What is the primary reason that some older adults have
impaired inflammation and wound healing? -
✔✔ANSWER✔✔-The underlying chronic illness exists.
A generalized inflammatory response seen in chronic
illness depletes the body's reserves to fight against illness.
Which cells are the body's primary defense against
parasite invasion? - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-Eosinophils are the
body's primary defense against parasites.
What Phagocytes bacteria? - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-
Macrophages work by eating or phagocytosing bacteria.
, What is the first response to a foreign pathogen? -
✔✔ANSWER✔✔-Helper T cells
Which characteristic is the most important determinant of
immunogenicity when considering the antigen? -
✔✔ANSWER✔✔-Immunogenicity is primarily based on
the ability to recognize something foreign.
How are erythrocytes destroyed when mismatched blood
is administered, causing an ABO incompatibility? -
✔✔ANSWER✔✔-The complement pathway is activated in
response to blood incompatibility.
What is the hypersensitivity reaction that causes atopic
dermatitis? - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-An immediate (type I)
hypersensitivity reaction causes atopic dermatitis.
Which four infections are considered fungal infections? -
✔✔ANSWER✔✔-Infection with a fungus is called mycosis
and includes dermatophytes (e.g., tineas, which refers to
several skin mycoses, including ringworm and athlete's
foot) and yeasts, which include candida and aspergillus.
When is the earliest after sexual transmission of HIV that
lab results can detect infection? - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-Lab
testing can detect HIV RNA 4 to 10 days after sexual
transmission, whereas HIV antibody testing may take 23
to 90 days to result in a positive test. Repeat testing may
be needed to rule out a false negative test due to testing
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