NUR 2459 RASMUSSEN MENTAL HEALTH EXAM 1 MODULES 1-3 QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS
what are some psychiatric historical events that have occurred in the early psychiatric
era? - 18th century- state asylums created, 600,000 residents were in them, 1st school
or psychiatric nursing was created in 1882, deinstitutionalization, shift in role of the
nurse from custodial care to professional care.
explain what early use of phenothiazine was for in early psych nursing. - it was
discovered to help control psychotic behaviors and improve/ clear thinking.
what were the two nursing interventions associated with somatic therapy in early psych
nursing? - insulin therapy
ECT therapy
explain significance of insulin therapy in the early psych era. - insulin was administered
until the client was comatose, this could kill the patient because the blood sugar could
drop below normal levels, but it helped relive psych symptoms.
explain significance of early ECT therapy. - an electrical stimulus was given to the brain
with the result of a grand-map seizure. now we can control the shock given and give
medications to sedate the client and stimulate the seizure and for proper monitoring
throughout the procedure.
explain what deinstitutionalization is. - there was a massive discharge of psychiatric
patients from mental hospitals back to their original communities.
what is significant about the impact of deinstitutionalization? - many of the psych
patients who needed services were forced onto the streets, potentially leading them to
more harm and crime.
3 main reasons deinstitutionalization was initiated. - the belief that treatment in the
hospitals was inhumane
hope that medications would offer a cure
lack of funding at the state and federal level
what is the order of maslows hierarchy of needs bottom to top? - physiological needs-
safety need- love and belong needs- self esteem- self actualization
,what is important to know about maslows hierarchy of needs? - motivation is
continuous quest for self actualization, can reverse levels based on life circumstances,
lower level needs must be met first before advancement to higher level psychological
needs.
examples of psychotherapy - behavioral therapy, cognitive therapy, didactical behavior
therapy
based on a verbal therapist to client interaction
examples of open environment therapies - family, group and milieu therapy
examples of Brian stimulation techniques - ECT, trans-cranial magnetic stimulation,
vagus nerve stimulation
explain what behavioral therapy is. - aims to modify maladaptive behavior patterns.
based that a behavior is learned and has consequences and abnormal behavior results
from an attempt to avoid painful feelings and reduce anxiety.
what is the nurses role with behavioral therapy? - Role of the nurse: to use the nursing
process to assist the client with behavior modification. This can be through 1 on 1
groups, different ways like classical and operant conditioning
explain what cognitive therapy is. - focuses on individual client thoughts and behaviors
to solve current problems.
Based on changing the way one thinks.
what is the role of the nurse with cognitive therapy? - the nurse will plan
psychoeducation, use of the therapeutic relationship and counseling interventions. They
also reevaluate to determine if intervention was successful with the therapy.
explain what cognitive behavioral therapy is (CBT) - uses both cognitive and behavioral
approaches to assist a client with anxiety management.
explain what family therapy is - therapy based on family dynamics and improving family
functioning by learning the ways for dealing with mental illness in the family, improving
understanding among family members, maximizing positive interaction with family
members.
explain what milieu therapy is - creates an environment that is supportive and
therapeutic and safe to benefit clients and promote coping within a safe place.
explain what group therapy is - therapy focused on helping individuals develop more
functional and satisfying reactions within a group setting with common feelings,
experiences and thoughts that lead to positive behavior changes from interaction and
feedback.
, explain what ECT is used today - the induction of a grand-mal seizure through the
application of electrical currents to the brain during anesthesia.
Electrodes are placed bilaterally and an appropriate dose of electrical current is sent
through the brain to enhance the effects of certain neurotransmitters.
what types of disorders can ECT help with? - Used as a last resort in depression,
mania, schizophrenia, and psychosis when medication and treatment has failed.
side effects from ECT - confusion and memory loss, headache
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bphases. bComplete bassessment bshould bbe bcompleted bbefore bthe bclient bgoes bback bto
bthe bprocedure, bincluding bmedication breconciliation band ba bsigned bconsent bform. bplaces
bthe bIV, bgives bpre bprocedure bmedications, btakes bvitals bbefore band bafter bprocedure. bafter
bprocedure b: bplacing bthe bpatient bon bthe bside, borient bthe bclient, bdescribe bwhat bhappened,
ballow bthe bpatient bto bhave btherapeutic bcommunication bbased bon btheir bfeelings, bassisting
bthem bas bneeded buntil bfully bawake.
what bwill bactually bhappen bduring bthe bECT bprocedure? b- b bWhen bin bthe btreatment broom,
bthe bnurse bwill bhelp bposition bthe bpatient bwhile bthe bCRNA bgives bthe bpatient ba bshort
bacting banesthetic band bmedication bto binduce bthe bseizure.a bbp bcuff, bpulse box band
boxygen bmay bbe bgiven bas bneeded band ba bbite bblock band belectrodes bto bmonitor
bEKG.once basleep, bthe bprovider bwill bdecide bhow bmuch belectricity bthe bclient bwill bget band
bwill bshock bthe bclient band bmonitor bfor bany bchanges, bthe bCRNA bwill bwake bthe bpatient bup
bwhen bfinished, ball bpeople bin bthe broom bwill bmonitor bfor badverse breactions.
medications bthat bmay bbe bgiven bduring bECT b- b batropine bsulfate, bsuccinylcholine,
bsedative bmedication band bmedication bto bhelp bclient brelax.
what bis btrans-cranial bmagnetic bstimulation? b- b ba bnoninvasive btherapy bthat buses
bmagnetic bpulsations bto bstimulate bthe bcerebral bcortex bof bthe bbrain bfor bthose bwith
bdepression bwho bhave bnot bbeen bresponsive bto bmedications.
What bis bvagus bnerve bstimulation? b- b bprovides belectrical bstimulation bthrough bthe bvagus
bnerve bof bthe bbrain bthrough ba bsurgically bimplanted bdevice bto bincrease bneurotransmitter
blevels bto btreat bdepression bresistant bto bother bmethods bof btreatment band bmedication.
which bsystem bis bresponsible bfor bhow bthe bbody bchanges bwith bstress? b- b bfight bor bflight
bsystem- beveryone bwill breact bdifferently
explain bwhat bstress bis. b- b bmaladaptive bresponses bto bstressors bfrom bthe binternal bor
bexternal benvironment, bevidenced bby bthoughts, bfeelings band bbehaviors bthat bare
bincongruent bwith bthe blocal band bcultural bnorms, band binterfere bwith bthe bindividual, bsocial,
boccupational band bphysical bfunctioning.
which btwo bdefense bmechanisms bare balways bhealthy? b- b balturism band bsublimation
