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Arco Terms 1-100 Questions With Verified Solutions (2024)
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Arco Terms 1-100 Questions With Verified Solutions (2024)
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Arco Terms 1-100 Questions WithVerified Solutions (2024)
Mayflower Compact CORRECT ANSWERS 1620 - The first agreement for self-
government in America. It was signed by the 41 men on the Mayflower and set up a
government for the Plymouth colony.
William Bradford CORRECT ANSWERS A Pilgrim, the second governor of the
Plymouth colony, 1621-1657. He developed private land ownership and helped
colonists get out of debt. He helped the colony survive droughts, crop failures, and
Indian attacks.
Pilgrims and Puritans contrasted CORRECT ANSWERS The Pilgrims were separatists
who believed that the Church of England could not be reformed. Separatist groups were
illegal in England, so the Pilgrims fled to America and settled in Plymouth. The Puritans
were non-separatists who wished to adopt reforms to purify the Church of England.
They received a right to settle in the Massachusetts Bay area from the King of England.
Massachusetts Bay Colony CORRECT ANSWERS 1629 - King Charles gave the
Puritans a right to settle and govern a colony in the Massachusetts Bay area. The
colony established political freedom and a representative government.
Cambridge Agreement CORRECT ANSWERS 1629 - The Puritan stockholders of the
Massachusetts Bay Company agreed to emigrate to New England on the condition that
they would have control of the government of the colony.
Puritan migration CORRECT ANSWERS Many Puritans emigrated from England to
America in the 1630s and 1640s. During this time, the population of the Massachusetts
Bay colony grew to ten times its earlier population.
Church of England (Anglican Church) CORRECT ANSWERS The national church of
England, founded by King Henry VIII. It included both Roman Catholic and Protestant
ideas.
John Winthrop (1588-1649), his beliefs CORRECT ANSWERS 1629 - He became the
first governor of the Massachusetts Bay colony, and served in that capacity from 1630
through 1649. A Puritan with strong religious beliefs. He opposed total democracy,
believing the colony was best governed by a small group of skillful leaders. He helped
organize the New England Confederation in 1643 and served as its first president.
Separatists, non-separatists CORRECT ANSWERS Non-separatists (which included
the Puritans) believed that the Church of England could be purified through reforms.
Separatists (which included the Pilgrims) believed that the Church of England could not
be reformed, and so started their own congregations.
, Calvinism CORRECT ANSWERS Protestant sect founded by John Calvin. Emphasized
a strong moral code and believed in predestination (the idea that God decided whether
or not a person would be saved as soon as they were born). Calvinists supported
constitutional representative government and the separation of church and state.
Congregational Church, Cambridge Platform CORRECT ANSWERS The
Congregational Church was founded by separatists who felt that the Church of England
retained too many Roman Catholic beliefs and practices. The Pilgrims were members of
the Congregational Church. The Cambridge Platform stressed morality over church
dogma.
Contrast Puritan colonies with others CORRECT ANSWERS Puritan colonies were self-
governed, with each town having its own government which led the people in strict
accordance with Puritan beliefs. Only those members of the congregation who had
achieved grace and were full church members (called the "elect," or "saints") could vote
and hold public office. Other colonies had different styles of government and were more
open to different beliefs.
Anne Hutchinson, Antinomianism CORRECT ANSWERS She preached the idea that
God communicated directly to individuals instead of through the church elders. She was
forced to leave Massachusetts in 1637. Her followers (the Antinomianists) founded the
colony of New Hampshire in 1639.
Roger Williams, Rhode Island CORRECT ANSWERS 1635 - He left the Massachusetts
colony and purchased the land from a neighboring Indian tribe to found the colony of
Rhode Island. Rhode Island was the only colony at that time to offer complete religious
freedom.
Covenant theology CORRECT ANSWERS Puritan teachings emphasized the biblical
covenants: God's covenants with Adam and with Noah, the covenant of grace between
God and man through Christ.
Voting granted to church members - 1631 CORRECT ANSWERS 1631 - The
Massachusetts general court passed an act to limit voting rights to church members.
Half-way Covenant CORRECT ANSWERS The Half-way Covenant applied to those
members of the Puritan colonies who were the children of church members, but who
hadn't achieved grace themselves. The covenant allowed them to participate in some
church affairs.
Brattle Street Church CORRECT ANSWERS 1698 - Founded by Thomas Brattle. His
church differed from the Puritans in that it did not require people to prove that they had
achieved grace in order to become full church members.
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