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HSM310 Midterm Exam with complete solutions 2024_2025.
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HSM310 Midterm Exam with complete solutions 2024_2025.
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HSM310 Midterm Exam with completesolutions 2024/2025
population health - ANSWER-health outcomes of health-adjusted life expectancy
(quality and quantity) of a group of individuals
four pillars of population health - ANSWER-quality and safety; chronic care
management; public health; health policy
health outcomes - ANSWER-length of life and quality of life
Kindig and Stoddart - ANSWER-life course of health determinant patterns can
affect health outcomes; policy interventions can target for causes (patterns) and
effects (outcomes)
social conditions - ANSWER-factors that involve a person's relationship to other
people and the environment; including positions occupied within social and
economic aspects of society
Link and Phelan - ANSWER-traditionally people focused on proximate risk factors
which change frequently when SES (social conditions) are better predictors of
health outcomes and generally do not change as much; health interventions
should be more universal and independent of an individual's resources; need to
contextualize risk
health industry differences - ANSWER-physicians know more about
medicine/treatments; patients know more about their own health status than
providers/insurers; physician altruism; irregular demand; prices are not known
beforehand
, Link and Phelan suggestions - ANSWER-analyze risk factors in interventions;
look at things that impact fundamental causes of multiple diseases rather than
just one disease
Koh - ANSWER-Healthy People 2020: health aims and disease prevention over ten
year periods; "Leading Health Indicators"
leading health indicators - ANSWER-determinants of health and health across life
stages
SDOH HP2020 (Artiga and Hinton) - ANSWER-neighborhood and built
environment; health and healthcare; social and community context; education;
economic stability
health disparity - ANSWER-a particular type of health difference that is closely
linked with social, economic, and/or environmental disadvantage; elimination
leads to health equity
health equity - ANSWER-attainment of the highest level of health for all people
Whitehall study - ANSWER-male British civil servants; showed and inverse
relationship between mortality and social class with no leveling off effect
bias in care - ANSWER-white people are viewed as less likely to be drug seeking
and are prescribed more opiates; black people's pain are often underestimated
Case and Deaton - ANSWER-showed an increase in all-cause mortality amongst
middle age white Americans; increasingly prominent in people with a high school
degree or less; same trend not seen with African Americans; mortality due to
"deaths of despair"
deaths of despair - ANSWER-drug and alcohol poisonings; chronic liver
diseases; suicides
state health scorecard - ANSWER-increasing deaths of despair and decreasing
uninsured rates; variation between states
Preston Curve - ANSWER-empirical cross-sectional relationship between life
expectancy and real per capita income; those born in wealthier countries live
longer but curve flattens as wealth increases
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