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2024 NSG 251 PHARMACOLOGY EXAM 2 WITH ANSWERS
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2024 NSG 251 PHARMACOLOGY EXAM 2 WITH ANSWERS
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2024 NSG 251 PHARMACOLOGYEXAM 2 WITH ANSWERS
Type 1 Diabetes - CORRECT-ANSWERSNo Beta cells. Insulin replacement
Type 2 Diabetes - CORRECT-ANSWERSBeta cells poorly functioning,
damaged, or resistant.
Nursing Implications of Diabetes - CORRECT-ANSWERSMonitor glucose
a1c of 6% or lower
Safety: Peak action of insulin
Teach:
-techniques for admin.
-need to time food w/peaks
-keep emergency simple sugars on hand
-know signs/symptoms of hypo/hyper
-have a sick day plan
metformin (Glucophage) - CORRECT-ANSWERSBiguanide
decreases hepatic glucose production
decreases intestinal absorption of glucose
1st line of treatment for DM2
doesn't cause hypo
contra: renal disease
adverse: GI bloating, N/D
nursing imp: takes w/meals, decreased stomach issues, discontinue 48 hrs
prior to testing, monitor BG, need for diet/exercise
glipizide (Glucotrol) - CORRECT-ANSWERS2nd generation Sulfonylurea
increase insulin excretion from pancreas
use: DM2
adverse: hypoglycemia
contra: renal problems
glyburide (Diabeta) - CORRECT-ANSWERSsulfonylurea
increase insulin excretion from pancreas
use: DM2
adverse: hypoglycemia
contra: renal problems
repaglinide (Prandin) - CORRECT-ANSWERSMeglitinide
, -facilitates pancreas to increase insulin
use: DM2
adverse: hypoglycemia, weight gain, GI disturbances, never given with
sulfonylurea
nursing imp: give dose w/each meal (no food, no dose), give 15-30 min
before each meal, monitor BG
miglitol (Glycet) - CORRECT-ANSWERSalpha glucosidase inhibitor
-inhibits enzymes in GI tract, delaying digestion of complex carbs (starch
blocker)
use: DM2
adverse: GI upset, bloating
nursing imp: doesn't cause hypo, must take w/meal
acarbose (Precose) - CORRECT-ANSWERSalpha glucosidase inhibitor
-inhibits enzymes in GI tract, delaying digestion of complex carbs (starch
blocker)
use: DM2
adverse: GI upset, bloating
nursing imp: doesn't cause hypo, must take w/meal
sitagliptin (Januvia) - CORRECT-ANSWERSDPP4 inhibitor
PO
Use: DM2
adverse: respiratory tract infection
contra: Renal
exenatide (Byetta) - CORRECT-ANSWERSIncretin Mimetic
-hormone release by GI tract in response to food, slows gastric emptying,
increases satiety
SQ
use: DM2
adverse: GI upset
liraglutide (Victoza) - CORRECT-ANSWERSIncretin Mimetic
-hormone release by GI tract in response to food, slows gastric emptying,
increases satiety
SQ
use: DM2
adverse: GI upset
rosiglitazone (Avandia) - CORRECT-ANSWERSthiazolidinedione
increases effectiveness of circulating insulin
limited use
BBW: fluid retention & heart failure
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