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NUR 611 GI Questions and Correct
Answers | Latest Update
visceral pain
→ pain in internal organs, distension or spasm of a hollow organ, poorly localized,
covers several body segments, dull crampy pain, N/V, pallor, sweating
somatic pain
→ pain in the abdominal wall, well localized, asymmetric, and intensified by jarring
parietal pain
→ sharp and well localized pain
referred pain
→ achy pain, felt away from area of disease
abdominal exam order
→ inspection, auscultation, percussion, palpation (IAPP)
Obturator's sign
→ test for appendicitis; pain on passive internal rotation of the flexed thigh
Rovsing's sign
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→ test for appendicitis by palpating the LLQ, eliciting pain in the RLQ if positive
Psoas sign
→ test for appendicitis; extending the thigh with the patient lying on their side with
knees extended
Murphy's sign
→ indicates acute cholecystitis; ask pt to exhale, examiner palpates below costal
margin on the right side mid-clavicular line
recommendations for constipation
→ increase fiber to 25-35 g per day; physical activity, hydration until urine clear; mild
- bulk forming, moderate - stool softener +/- stimulant, chronic - osmotic; (only agents
appropriate for long term use are the bulking agents)
chronic diarrhea
→ diarrhea that lasts for more than 2 weeks or recurs over months to years
osmotic diarrhea
→ malabsorption r/t injury to colon, or celiac disease, common in women ages 40-50,
responds to fasting
Secretory (non inflammatory) diarrhea
→ E coli, laxative abuse, large amounts, doesn't respond to fasting
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irritable bowel disease (IBD)
→ crohn's and ulcerative colitis
altered intestinal motility
→ diabetic neuropathy, dumping syndrome, or IBS
functional dyspepsia
→ presence of chronic intermittent symptoms without mucosal lesions or other structural
GI abnormalities for at least 3 months (epigastric pain, postprandial fullness, early
satiety, epigastric burning)
first line dyspepsia treatment
→ H2 antagonists (ranitidine), OTC omeprazole, H. pylori eradication
second line dyspepsia treatment
→ gastric motility drugs (metoclopramide, erythromycin), amitriptyline at hs, SSRIs,
antacids, sucralfate, misoprostol
tenesmus
→ The feeling that you need to pass stools, even though your bowels are already
empty. It may involve straining, pain, and cramping.
C diff treatment
→ flagyl, vancomycin, or bacitracin suspension
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