NRNP 6645 Midterm Exam 3 Latest Update
2022-2024
Cerebral salt wasting - ANS-hyponatremia, excessive secretion of
natriuretic peptides
crystalloid fluid replacement
3% saline solution to correct hyponatremia 30-60 ml/hr
q8 hr serum osmolality and Na+
fludrocortisone
m/c medical complication in aneurysmal SAH - ANS-fever
blast injury - ANS-hippocampus and brain stem
prehospital/emergancy department treatment for TBI - ANS-ACLS
spinal immobilization
GCS <8 intubation
avoid hypoxemia o2 sat >90 PaO2 >60
avoid hyperventilation: goal ETCO2 or PaCO2 35-45
avoid hyperventilation in TBI unless: - ANS-herniation symptoms are
present of if measured ICP is severely high
AVPU - ANS-Awake, responsive to voice, responsive to pain, unresponsive
Decorticate posturing - ANS-characterized by upper extremities flexed at
the elbows and held closely to the body and lower extremities that are
externally rotated and extended. occurs when the brainstem is not
inhibited by the motor function of the cerebral cortex.
,Decerebrate posturing - ANS-posturing in which the neck is extended with
jaw clenched; arms are pronated, extended, and close to the sides; legs
are extended straight out; more ominous sign of brain stem damage. Most
Severe.
lab studies for TBI - ANS-toxicology drug and alcohol, CBC, chemistry,
coagulation
, EPAP - ANS-expiratory positive airway pressure
CPAP - ANS-continuous positive airway pressure
a treatment for apnea involving keeping a patient's airways open using air
pressure delivered via a face mask
skin eruptions or exanthema 3 groups - ANS-1. Macular and
maculopapular lesions
2. vesicular or bullous lesions
3. pustular, petechial, or purpuric lesions
acne - ANS-inflammatory disease of the skin involving the sebaceous
glands and hair follicles
causes: corticosteriods, isoniazid
bullous lesions - ANS-Caused by exfoliative toxins A and B
Have the appearance of wrinkled tissue paper
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