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MCA III Final Exam - Practice Questions With 100% CORRECT ANSWERS
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JACKLINEMCA III Final Exam - Practice Questions With 100% CORRECT ANSWERS
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Which client would be most at risk for 4. A 78 year old client with septicemia
developing disseminated intravascular
coagulation (DIC)? DIC is a clinical syndrome that develops as a complication of a wide variety of other disorders,
with sepsis being the most common cause of DIC
1. A 35 year old pregnant client with placenta
previa
2. A 42 year old client with a pulmonary embolus
3. A 60 year old client receiving hemodialyasis 3
days a week
4. A 78 year old client with septicemia
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The client is admitted with full-thickness burns 1. Oozing blood from the IV catheter site
may be developing DIC. Which signs/symptoms
would support the diagnosis of DIC? Signs and symptoms of DIC result from clotting and bleeding, ranging from oozing blood to
bleeding from every body orifice and into the tissues
1. Oozing blood from the IV catheter site
2. Sudden onset of chest pain and frothy sputum
3. Foul smelling, concentrated urine
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Which lab result would the nurse expect in the 2. A low fibrinogen level
client diagnosed with DIC?
Fibrinogen level helps predict bleeding in DIC. As it becomes lower, the risk of bleeding
1. A decreased prothrombin time (PT) increases.
2. A low fibrinogen level
3. An increased platelet count
4. An increased white blood cell count
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Which collaborative treatment would the nurse 3. Administer fresh frozen plasma
anticipate in the client diagnosed with DIC?
Fresh frozen plasma and platelet concentrates are administered to restore clotting factors and
1. Administer oral anticoagulants platelets
2. Prepare for plasmapheresis
3. Administer fresh frozen plasma
4. Calculate the intake and output
The nurse writes a diagnosis of "potential for 4. The client's urine output will be > 30 mL per hour
fluid volume deficit related to bleeding" for a
client diagnosed with DIC. Which would be an The problem is addressing the potential for hemorrhage, and a urine output of greater than 30
appropriate goal? mL/hr indicates the kidneys are being adequately perfused and the body is not in shock.
1. The client's clot formations will resolve in two
days
2. The saturation of the client's dressings will be
documented
3. The client will use lemon-glycerin swabs for oral
care
4. The client's urine output will be > 30 mL per
hour
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A patient with possible disseminated c. Infuse normal saline 500 mL over 30 minutes.
intravascular coagulation arrives in the
emergency department with a blood pressure of The patient's blood pressure indicates hypovolemia caused by blood loss and should be
82/40, temperature 102° F (38.9° C), and severe addressed immediately to improve perfusion to vital organs.
back pain. Which physician order will the nurse
implement first?
a. Administer morphine sulfate 4 mg IV.
b. Give acetaminophen (Tylenol) 650 mg.
c. Infuse normal saline 500 mL over 30 minutes.
d. Schedule complete blood count and
coagulation studies.
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A patient with septicemia develops prolonged c. Notify the health care provider.
bleeding from venipuncture sites and blood in
the stools. Which action is most important for the The patient's new onset of bleeding and diagnosis of sepsis suggest that disseminated
nurse to take? intravascular coagulation (DIC) may have developed, which will require collaborative actions
such as diagnostic testing, blood product administration, and heparin administration. The other
a. Avoid other venipunctures. actions are also appropriate, but the most important action should be to notify the health care
b. Apply dressings to the sites. provider so that DIC treatment can be initiated rapidly
c. Notify the health care provider.
d. Give prescribed proton-pump inhibitors.
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A patient's family member asks the nurse what a. is caused by an abnormal activation of clotting.
caused the patient to develop disseminated
intravascular coagulation (DIC). The nurse tells
the family member that DIC
a. is caused by an abnormal activation of clotting.
b. occurs when the immune system attacks
platelets.
c. is a complication of cancer chemotherapy.
d. is caused when hemolytic processes destroy
erythrocytes.
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DIC is a disorder in which: c. a disease process stimulates coagulation processes with resultant thrombosis, as well as
depletion of clotting factors, leading to diffuse clotting and hemorrhage
a. the coagulation pathway is genetically altered,
leading to thrombus formation in all major blood
vessels
b. an underlying disease depletes hemolytic
factors in the blood, leading to diffuse thrombotic
episodes and infarcts
c. a disease process stimulates coagulation
processes with resultant thrombosis, as well as
depletion of clotting factors, leading to diffuse
clotting and hemorrhage
d. an inherited predisposition causes a deficiency
of clotting factors that leads to overstimulation of
coagulation processes in the vasculature
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The patient with leukemia has acute a. elevated D-dimers
disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)
and is bleeding. What diagnostic findings should
the nurse expect to find?
a. elevated D-dimers
b. elevated fibrinogen
c. reduced prothrombin time (PT)
d. reduced fibrin degradation products (FDPs)
After the diagnosis of disseminated intravascular c. treat the causative problem.
coagulation (DIC), what is the first priority of
collaborative care?
a. administer heparin.
b. administer whole blood.
c. treat the causative problem.
d. administer fresh frozen plasma.
MCA III Final Exam - Practice Questions
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