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MCB3020 EXAM 2 RESPIRATION VS. FERMENTATION QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS $9.00   Add to cart

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MCB3020 EXAM 2 RESPIRATION VS. FERMENTATION QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

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MCB3020 EXAM 2 RESPIRATION VS. FERMENTATION QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

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  • September 20, 2024
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  • 2024/2025
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74 Multiple choice questions

Term 1 of 74
electron acceptors in fermentation are

endogenous; they are created by the cell and commonly found within the cell (ex:
pyruvate)

coupled with reactions that regenerate NAD+ by converting pyruvate to either ethanol
or lactate

pyruvate is converted to a acetyl-coa yielding some NADH and CO2 as byproduct

must be digested and converted to monomers where they will then be fed into
glycolysis

Term 2 of 74
true or false: fermentation generates a proton force, the use of an electron transport chain, or
oxidative phosphorylation

True

False

,Term 3 of 74
why is anaerobic respiration produce less energy than aerobic

the terminal electron acceptor


1. electron transport chain- NADH and FADH2 contribute electrons to the electron
carrier proteins in the chain, which pass these electrons on to carriers until they reach
O2 the terminal acceptor; while this is occurring, protons are being pumped across the
membrane making a concentration and charge gradient called the proton motive force
(PMF)

2. chemiosmosis- ATP synthase uses the free movement of protons to power the
phosphorylation of ADP to form ATP

the electron acceptors have a less positive E0 than oxygen so the difference in the
donor E0 and acceptor E0 is less (smaller reduction potential)


essential in the transfer of electrons via cytochromes

Term 4 of 74
lactic acid fermentation

pyruvate + NADH --> Lactate + NAD+
occurs in active muscles that lack oxygen supply

substrate-level phosphorylation and does not involve electron transport chain


pyruvate is converted to a acetyl-coa yielding some NADH and CO2 as byproduct

produces NADH and FADH2-- electron carriers that can be used in oxidative
phosphorylation

Term 5 of 74
nitrogen fixation

reducing nitrogen gas into ammonia


uses oxygen as the terminal electron acceptor

oxidation of ammonia (NH3) to nitrate (NO3-)

better electron donor

,Term 6 of 74
ammonification

oxidation of ammonia (NH3) to nitrate (NO3-)


ATP is formed utilizing the energy of sunlight

reducing nitrogen gas into ammonia

conversion of organic nitrogen to ammonium (NH4+)

Term 7 of 74
describe respiration of lipids

- first must be hydrolyzed to glycerol and fatty acids
- glycerol eventually is fed into glycolysis
- fatty acids are broken down to acetyl coa by beta oxidation where they are fed into
TCA

a pathway that can be simultaneously anabolic and catabolic (ex: TCA cycle)
- initial steps are anabolic creating citrate
- final steps involve regenerating acetyl-coa from oxaloacetate


hydrolyzed into their nucleotide monomers and fed into glycolysis

does not require a constant supply of a terminal electron acceptor and uses an
endogenous electron acceptor such as pyruvate

Term 8 of 74
anaerobic respiration

uses something other than oxygen as the terminal electron acceptor

- substrate-level phosphorylation and oxidative phosphorylation


uses the reducing power of NADH and FADH2 to create ATP with the use of a proton
motive force

must be digested and converted to monomers where they will then be fed into
glycolysis

, Term 9 of 74
streptococcus and bacillus bacteria use ______________ fermentation

3 NADH
1 FADH2
1 GTP
2 CO2

alcoholic fermentation

lactic acid fermentation


dairy products

Term 10 of 74
what are the stages of photosynthesis

does not require a constant supply of a terminal electron acceptor and uses an
endogenous electron acceptor such as pyruvate

light reactions and calvin cycle

- pentose phosphate pathway
- enterner-doudoroff pathway

using a branched pathway

Term 11 of 74
sulfur oxidizing bacteria

use anaerobic respiration with sulfite (SO3^2-) to produce ATP via both substrate level
phosphorylation and oxidative phosphorylation

inefficient method of producing energy that involves only substrate-level
phosphorylation; yields less ATP than oxidative phosphorylation

substrate-level phosphorylation and does not involve electron transport chain

uses the reducing power of NADH and FADH2 to create ATP with the use of a proton
motive force

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