IB Biology Topic 4: Ecology Final Exam Questions & Answers.
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Course
Ib biology
Institution
Ib Biology
IB Biology Topic 4: Ecology Final Exam Questions & Answers.
Ecology - CORRECT ANSWER The science of the relationships between organisms and their environments.
Organism - CORRECT ANSWER an individual living thing that uses energy, reproduces, responds, grows, and develops
Species - CORRE...
the energy in the carbon compounds (food) is released through respiration. much of this energy is lost
as heat.
Food web - CORRECT ANSWER network of complex interactions formed by the feeding relationships
among the various organisms in an ecosystem
Pyramid of energy - CORRECT ANSWER - diagram that shows the relative amounts of energy or matter
within each trophic level in a food chain or food web
- should be stepped
- the length of the bar represents the amount of energy transferred to the trophic level (resulting in an
increase in biomass)
- the unit = KJ m^-2 yr^-1
- around 10% of energy at any trophic level is passed on to the next trophic level
- the number of trophic levels is limited, as there is ever decreasing quantities of energy available for
transfer and the energy is passed along the food chain.
- reasons for loss of energy between the trophic levels include:
* energy is lost as heat due to respiration
* not all of the individuals at each trophic level is consumed
* not all parts of the organism can be digested.
10% Rule - CORRECT ANSWER Only 10% of the energy in one trophic level gets passed onto the next
trophic level
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