NUR 155 Exam 4 With Actual Questions And Verified Detailed Answers Latest
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Drug classification
Prescription and OTC
Generic name or Trade/Brand name
What system is used in KY for tracking controlled substances
CASPER
Who writes medication orders?
Physicians
Drug side effects
(secondary effect) Expected and treated; may be harmless or potentially harmful
Adverse reactions
(adverse effects) aren't expected, deadly; may justify the discontinuation of the drug
drug toxicity
Poisonous effects of a drug on an organism or tissue-overdose/too much, ingention of a
drug intended for external use or buildup of the drug in the blood because of impaired
metabolism or excretion; vulnerable: elderly/kids, kidney/liver
Drug Allergy
Anaphylactic reaction-occurring immediately after the drug is administered, does not
imply that one had side effects of a drug
Drug Interaction
occurs when the administration of one drug before, at the same time as, or after another
drug alters the effect of one or both drugs; contraindications, drug compatibility
half-life
amount of time for half the med to get out of the body
onset
the time it takes for the med to start work
,peak plasma level
highest level of med. PO (30-60) IV (med is done)
Trough
Right before dose (lowest amount)
Absorption
the means by which a drug entered the blood; initial step of the passage of the drug
through the body
Distribution
o the movement of a drug from its site of absorption to its site of action
Biotransformation (metabolism)
process in which a drug is transformed into an inactive form, primarily occurs in the
liver- products known as metabolites
Excretion
the process in which the metabolites and drugs leave the body
What developmental status's effect drug action?
pregnancy, kids (immune body systems), older adults (decreased renal function *start
low go slow*- safety tops on pill bottles
How does sex effect drug action
Males = more protein & metabolize faster; females = more adipose tissue
How do genes effect drug action?
genetic testing
How does diet affection drug action
Absorption
Psychological factors that effect drug actions
think it won't work, won't take certain meds, generic vs brand names
what disease effect drug action?
Cancer, circulatory issues, gut, renal, liver
how does time of administration effect drug action
, some drugs have to be taken with food or without food, or am/pm
Oral medication route
o SAFEST ROUTE/MOST CONVIENENT – does not break skin barrier
o Tablets – can be scored/crushed as long as not enteric coated
o Capsules, liquid
o Sublingual(under tongue - NITROGLYCERIN)
o Buccal(Cheek)
o Enteral – tube feed, crushed or liquid
Transdermal meds
o Applied to skin, local and perhaps systemic effects
Lotion, creams, ointments, patches
Soap/water, gloves, pat dry and apply
Wrap in glove and put in sharps container
Rotate sites
Parenteral
Injected VIA-
§ Intradermal - into the skin-under the epidermis (in the dermis)
§ Subcutaneous - into the tissue beneath the skin
§ Intramuscular - into a muscle
§ Intravenous - into a vein
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