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NURO733 Exam 1 Latest Update
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NURO733 Exam 1 LatestUpdate
ethinyl estradiol - Answer most common estrogen in contraceptives, dosage 10-35 mcg
mestranol - Answer Synthetic estrogen: used in oral contraceptives
estrogen - Answer MOA:
Inhibits release of FSH
Stabilizes the uterine lining and potentiates the effect of progestin such that lower
doses of progestin are required
AE:
nausea/vomiting, bloating, hypertension, migraines, breast tenderness, heavy menses,
or leukorrhea
Deficiency:
breakthrough bleeding, amenorrhea, or vaginal dryness
progesterone - Answer MOA:
Inhibits release of LH, leading to inhibition of the dominant follicle and inhibition of
ovulation
Thickens cervical mucus and creates inhospitable environment for sperm
AE:
acne, increased appetite, fatigue, and hirsutism
Deficiency:
breakthrough bleeding or heavy menses (toward end of pill pack)
monophasic - Answer Same amount of estrogen and progesterone for 21 days, last 7
days are placebo
biphasic - Answer Estrogen remains the same throughout the first 21 days, progestin
picks up in the middle, placebo week is hormone free
triphasic - Answer Amount of estrogen and progestin can vary throughout the cycle
,Last seven days hormone-free
extended cycle use - Answer Placebo pills taken four times per year
continuous cycle use - Answer no placebo pills taken to skip periods
patch/ring - Answer MOA: inhibit gonadotropins and suppress ovulation
can be used for extended or continuous cycling
estrogenic - Answer AE: Headache
Nausea/vomiting
Breast fullness
Breakthrough bleeding
Irritability
Hypertension
Bloating
Fibroids
progestational - Answer AE: Headache
Breast tenderness or pain
androgenic - Answer AE: Fatigue
Weight gain
Acne and/or oily skin
Hirsutism
norethindone - Answer what progestin is used in the progestin only pill
levonorgestrel - Answer progestin in IUD
etonogestrel - Answer progestin in implant
progestin only methods - Answer MOA: Inhibit release of LH leading to inhibition of
ovulation
Thicken cervical mucus, create inhospitable environment for sperm
May alter endometrium which can inhibit implantation
estrogen - Answer proliferation of squamous epithelium, thins cervical mucous,
increases motility and ciliary action in fallopian tube, increases uterine blood flow,
, contractile proteins, excitability sensitization to oxytocin, proliferative endometrium
estrogen receptors, growth of breast ducts, promotes prolactin effects
progesterone - Answer thins squamous epithelium, thickens cervical mucous,
decreases motility and ciliary action in fallopian tube, relaxes myometrium, decreased
sensitization to oxytocin, secretory endometrium progesterone receptors, growth of
breast lobules and alveoli, inhibits prolactin effects
1-3 - Answer how many months after starting testosterone will a patient experience
Increased sex drive, vaginal dryness, growth of clitoris (1-3 cm), increased growth,
coarseness, and thickness of hairs, increased acne, increased muscle mass and upper
body strength, redistribution of body fat to a masculine pattern (more fat around waist,
less around hips)
1-6 - Answer how many months after starting testosterone will a patients menstrual
periods stop
3-6 - Answer how many months after starting testosterone will voice start to crack and
drop
1 year - Answer how long after starting testosterone will gradual growth of facial hair
occur and possible male pattern balding
testosterone - Answer CI: Personal history of a current or past hormone-sensitive
cancer
AE: Dyslipidemia
Polycythemia
Hepatotoxicity
Unknown effect on breast/ovary/endometrium
Sleep apnea
VTE (rare)
Weight gain
Mood instability
Acne
Balding
Pelvic pain
Atrophic vaginitis - topical estrogen can help
Labs: lipids, CBC, CMP, total testosterone, SHBG, albumin, hg/hct
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