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MICR 270 Exam Prep Test with Questions and 100% Verified Answers
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MICR 270 Exam Prep Test withQuestions and 100% Verified Answers
Thymus function - Answer - Site of T-cell development and maturation
Bone marrow function - Answer - Red marrow (Site of hematopoiesis and B-
cell development)
- Yellow marrow (Some leukocyte development; Produces fat and cartilage)
Spleen function - Answer - Red pulp (filters the blood)
- White pulp (site of development of immune responses against antigens found in
the bloodstream)
Lymph node function - Answer - Filters the lymph
- Often the first organized lymphoid structure foreign molecules encounter
(upon entering the body)
MALT function - Answer - Initiates immune responses to specific antigens encountered
along all mucosal surfaces
Immune system discrimination and elimination - Answer - A main function of the
immune system is discrimination and elimination of non-self and altered self cells
- Discrimination occurs as immune cells distinguish between self and non-
self components
- Elimination occurs as immune cells initiate an immune response
,Immune system main functions - Answer - Preservation and protection of the body's
integrity from environmental agents (like microbes, chemicals, abnormal self antigens)
- Discrimination and elimination of non-self and altered self cells enables preservation
and protection
Comparison of innate and adaptive immunity - Answer - Both types of immunity
work together to protect the body (They aim to keep microbes from entering body; If
microbes do enter body, they then identify and destroy them)
- They also preserve and protect the integrity of the body from microbes, chemicals
or abnormal self-antigens (They accomplish this by recognition and response
(discrimination) of self and non-self)
Contrasts of innate and adaptive immunity (specificity) - Answer - The innate immune
system responds non-specifically, while the adaptive immune system responds to
specific pathogens
- Innate immunity initiates similar reactions to all antigens (smaller diversity of
reactions possible)
- Adaptive immunity initiates a unique/antigen-specific response to all antigens
(large diversity of reactions possible)
Contrasts of innate and adaptive immunity (memory and response time) - Answer -
Innate immunity is the first line of defence against foreign agents, adaptive immunity
is second line
- Innate immunity produces an immediate reaction to an antigen (occurs within a
few hours)
- Adaptive immunity produces a delayed reaction to an antigen (occurs within
many hours to a few days)
- Innate immunity usually doesn't have immunologic memory, while
immunologic memory is mostly present in adaptive immunity
,Natural killer/NK cells function/characteristics - Answer - Granular lymphocytes
- Have granules containing perforin and granzymes
- Can recognize abnormal cells (tumour or virus-infected cells) and destroy them (Lack
antigen-specific receptors)
- Exception to lymphoid lineage (This is because their role is in innate immunity)
T cells/lymphocytes function/characteristics - Answer - Key part of cell-
mediated immunity (a subset of adaptive immunity)
- Non-phagocytic cells
- Mature in thymus
- Have specific receptors at their cell surfaces (T-cell receptors/TCR)
- Express many TCR which recognize the same specific antigen/epitope
- TCR specificity ensures each T-cell in body recognizes a different antigen
- Subsets include helper T-cell/CD4+ T-cell and cytotoxic T-cell/CD8+ T-cell
Helper T-cell/Th cell/CD4+ T-cells - Answer - Specialized T-cells (Express CD4 co-
stimulatory molecule on their cell surface)
- Activated when they recognize an antigen-MHC Class II complex
- They have effector cells: activated helper T-cells have critical role in activation of other
immune cells
- They have memory cells: activated helper T-cells can generate cells that recognize
the same specific antigen
, Cytotoxic T-cells/Tc cells/Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes (CTL)/CD8+ T-cells - Answer -
Specialized T-cells (Express CD8 co-stimulatory molecule on their cells surface)
- Activated when they recognize an antigen-MHC Class I complex
- They have effector cells: activated cytotoxic T-cells have critical role in monitoring cells
of body (They eliminate virus-infected or tumour cells)
- They have memory cells: activated cytotoxic T-cells can generate cells that recognize
the same specific antigen
B cells/lymphocytes function/characteristics - Answer - Key part of humoral immunity
(subset of adaptive immunity)
- Non-phagocytic cells
- Mature in bone marrow
- Have specific receptors at their cell surface (B-cell receptors/BCR)
- BCR are the membrane-bound form of antibodies
- Express many BCR which recognize the same specific antigen/epitope
- BCR specificity ensures each B-cell in body recognizes a different antigen
Plasmocytes/plasma cells - Answer - Effector form of activated naive B-cells
- Produce and secrete highly specialized antibodies (These can bind free pathogens
or foreign molecules in the organism)
- B-cell activation can also generate memory cells which recognize the same specific
antigen (These memory cells have membrane-bound antibodies (BCR) with same
specificity as mother cell)
Primary lymphoid organs - Answer - Thymus
- Bone Marrow
Secondary lymphoid organs - Answer - Spleen
- Lymph nodes
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