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NUR443 Exam 1 Study Guide
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NUR443 Exam 1 Study Guide
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NUR443 EXAM 1 STUDY GUIDEV 100%SOLVED QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
n Community/Public Health Nursing - A field of professional practice in nursing and in public health
where technical nursing, interpersonal, analytical and organizational skills are applied to problems of
health as they affect the community. The synthesis of nursing practice and public health practice. To
preserve the health of the community and surrounding populations by focussing on health promotion
and health maintenance of individuals, families, and groups within the community.
Public Health/Community Focus - Focus on prevention and promotion of population health at the
federal, state and local levels. Support and advisory services to public health structures at the local level
through community health services and personal healthcare services
Population-focussed nursing - Concentrates on specific groups of people and focuses on health
promotion and disease prevention, regardless of geographic location. Provision of evidence-based care
to targeted groups of people with similar needs in order to improve outcomes. Focus on common needs,
diagnosis, or problem. Vulnerable populations have an increased risk or susceptibility to adverse health
outcomes.
Organizations - Associations that set and enforce standards in a particular area; a group of individuals
who voluntarily enter into an agreement to accomplish a purpose. Common location with shared
governance, values, and goals. A large unorganized collection of people in a common location w/shared
governance and goals. A linked complex network of social relations.
Communities - Geopolitical communities: defined or formed by natural and/or manmade boundaries
and include cities, counties, states, and nations.
Phenomenological communities: relational, interactive groups that share a perspective based on culture,
values, history, interests, and goals.
Community oriented primary care -
Community Health Nurse (CHN) Roles - Advocate, caregiver, care manager, case finder, counselor,
educator, epidemiologist, group leader, health planner, manager.
Community Health Diagonsis - Risk of (problem/dx) among (group/target population) is related to
(community factors) and (contributing factors).
Upstream thinking - Actions focus on modifying economic, political, and environmental factors that are
the precursors of poor health throughout the world.
Sociostructural/structural perspective -
Primary prevention - Relates to activities directed at preventing a problem before it occurs by altering
susceptibility or reducing exposure for susceptible individuals.
, Secondary prevention - Refers to early detection and prompt intervention during the period of early
disease pathogenesis. Implemented after a problem has begun but before signs and symptoms appear
and targets those populations that have risk factors.
Tertiary prevention - Targets populations that have experienced disease or injury and focuses on
limitation of disability and rehabilitation. Aims to keep health problems from getting worse, to reduce
the effects of disease and injury, and to restore individuals to their optimal level of functioning.
Market justice system - Individualism, limit role of government, based upon ability to pay, economic
efficiency, an individual responsibility for health.
Social justice system - Healthcare is a social good, should be collectively financed, society responsible for
healthcare. Entitles all people to basic necessities such as adequate income and health protection and
accepts collective burdens to make it possible.
Florence Nightingale - Analytical, upstream thinking: what are the causes and prevention. The first nurse
to exert political pressure on a government. Transformed military health and knew the value of date
influencing policy. Leader who used support of followers, colleague, and policy makers. Collected and
analyzed data about health services and outcomes.
Lillian Wald - First community health nurse. Founded Henry Street Settlements and VNS of NYC.
Instrumental in beginning school nursing/Dept. of Special Education, Public Health Nursing program at
Columbia, Children's Bureau, Civil Liberties Bureau, First President of Nat'l Assoc. of Public Health
Nursing. Recognized connections between health and social conditions.
Sociodemographic changes in U.S. -
Home Visiting Nurse - Assess skills of caregiver and instructs the caregiver in the correct procedure for
providing care and in recognizing the s/s of problems that must be reported to the health care provider.
When no caregiver available, the nurse explores other resources available to supplement the patient's
self-care activities in the home.
Hospital Nurse -
Hospice - A patient/family centered program which provides compassionate, professional, state-of-the-
art physical, emotional, and spiritual car and support for people facing life-limiting illnesses.
Implications for Hospice - Will die w/in 6 mos, must be in agreement with philosophy, Cancer diagnosis,
End-stage heart, pulmonary, renal, and liver disease, stroke, coma, ALS, Dimentia, Parkinsons, HIV.
Community assessment - Using demographic and epidemiological methods to assess the community's
health and diagnose its health needs. Process: Assessment, Diagnosis, Planning,
Intervening/Implementation, Evaluation
Key Informant - A formal or informal leader in the community who provides data that are informed by
his or her personal knowledge and experience with the community.
Importance of client input & involvement - Partnership: informed, flexible, and negotiated distribution
(and redistribution) of power among all participants in the process of change for community health.
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