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  • September 19, 2024
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BIO 111 Final Exam Questions And Answers Latest Update
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7 Characteristics of Life - Answer 1. Cells are the simplest units of life; 2. Living
organisms use energy; 3. Living organisms interact with their environment; 4. Living
organisms maintain homeostasis; 5. Living organisms grow and develop; 6. The genetic
material provides a blueprint for reproduction; 7. Populations of organisms evolve from
one generation to the next



Principles of Biology (8-12) - Answer 8. All species are related by evolutionary history; 9.
Structure determines function

10. Complex interactions give rise to new properties of life

11. Biology is an experimental science

12. Biology impacts our society



Scientific Method - Solution 1. Observations

2. Hypothesis

3. Experimentation

4. Data

5. Conclusion



Hypothesis - Solution Proposed explanation based on past observation (trees losing
their leaves).



Theory - Solution Broad explanation of some facet of the natural world from a large body
of evidence. It allows predictions but can never be proven true



Cystic Fibrosis - Answer Mucus in the lungs.

Discovery based sciences used to find CF gene. This lead to experiments to test the

,hypothesis



Natural Selection - Answer Amplifies variations that arise randomly



Descent with modification: Evolution based on. - Answer variation within a given species
and natural selection



Modern synthesis of evolution - Answer Natural variation exists that is caused by
random changes in the genetic material.

If genetic change/mutation promotes individual survival, then the trait may become
more prevalent in future generations through natural selection.



Phenotype - Answer The features evident in an organism are because of gene
expression.



5 areas of evidence which support evolution - Answer -Studies of natural selection

-Fossil Record

-Biogeography

-Convergent evolution

-Selective Breeding



Biogeography-Answer Unique species exist on islands and other remote regions
because the species located there have evolved in isolation from the rest of the world.



Atoms are composed of -Answer Neutrons, protons, electrons



Atomic Number-Answer Equal to the number of protons in an atom of that element



Periodic Table is Arranged by - Answer Atomic number

, Periodic Table: rows-Answer electron shells



Periodic table: columns - Answer from left to right, give the number of electrons in the
outer shell



Elements that constitute a very high percentage of all living substances - Answer C N O
and H



covalent bonds -Answer atoms share a pair of electrons. occurs between atoms whose
outer electron shells are not full



What type of chemical bond is the most robust? -Answer covalent bond



Polar covalent bonds - Distribution of electrons around the atoms creates a difference in
electric charge



Example of a polar covalent bond - Water



Hydrogen Bonds - Very important for life. They are weak polar covalent bonds that
include a bond between H on a polar molecule and the electronegative part of another



Ionic Bonds - One atom is much more electronegative than the other ("steals" electron)



Ion- An atom or molecule that has gained or lost one or more electrons



Solvent- A liquid



Solutes- Substances dissolved in solvent

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