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Bio111 Latest Exam Questions And Accurate Answers
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Bio111 Latest Exam Questions AndAccurate Answers
Asexual (vegetative) reproduction - Answer Example, a new plant grows out of the root
or a shoot from an existing plant.
Produces only genetically identical offspring since all divisions are by mitosis.
Offspring called clones meaning that each is an exact copy of the original organism
This method of reproduction is rapid and effective allowing the spread of an organism
Since they are identical, there is no mechanism for introducing diversity
Sexual reproduction - Answer Formation of new individual by a combination of two
haploid sex cells (gametes).
Fertilization- combination of genetic information from two separate cells that have one
half the original genetic information
Gametes for fertilization usually come from separate parents
Female- produces an egg
Male produces sperm
, Both gametes are haploid, with single set of chromosomes
New individual is called a zygote, having two sets of chromosomes (diploid).
Meiosis is process to convert a diploid cell to a haploid gamete, and cause change in
genetic information to increase diversity in the offspring.
Chromosomes in a Diploid Cell - Answer Diploid set for humans; 2n = 46
Autosomal chromosomes; homologous chromosomes, one from each parent humans =
22 sets of 2
Sex chromosomes humans have 1 set of 2
Females have homologous sex chromosomes XX
Males have non-homologous sex chromosomes XY
Karyotype - Answer A pictorial display of metaphase chromosomes from a mitotic cell
Homologous chromosomes- pairs
Ploidy: Number of sets of chromosomes in a cell - Answer Haploid n-- one set
chromosomes
Diploid 2n-- two sets chromosomes
Most adults of plants and animals are diploid(2n)
Eggs and sperm are haploid(n)
What is meiosis I? -Answer Meiosis I is where chromosomes of a diploid cell resegregate
to form four haploid daughter cells. It is this stage in meiosis that creates genetic
diversity
Prophase I - Answer DNA replication precedes the initiation of meiosis I. In prophase I
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